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Crude glycerol is an industrial residue the valorization of which attracts remarkable and constantly increasing interest. In the current investigation, biodiesel\u2010derived glycerol was employed as substrate for yeast and fungal strains cultivated under nitrogen\u2010limited conditions in shake flasks. Glucose was employed as reference substrate. Several yeasts (<jats:italic>Candida diddensiae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Candida tropicalis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Pichia ciferrii<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Williopsis saturnus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Candida boidinii<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Candida oleophila<\/jats:italic>) rapidly assimilated glucose and converted it into ethanol, despite aerobic conditions imposed, and were Crabtree\u2010positive. None of these yeasts produced ethanol during growth on glycerol or accumulated significant quantities of lipid during growth on glucose or glycerol. Only <jats:italic>Rhodosporidium toruloides<\/jats:italic> produced notable lipid quantities from glucose and to lesser extent from glycerol. <jats:italic>Yarrowia lipolytica<\/jats:italic> LFMB 20 produced citrate \u224858\u00a0g\/L growing on high\u2010glucose media, while on high\u2010glycerol media \u224842\u00a0g\/L citrate and \u224818\u00a0g\/L mannitol. During growth on glucose\/glycerol blends, glycerol was assimilated first and thereafter glucose was consumed. Fungi produced higher lipid quantities compared with yeasts. High lipid quantities were produced by <jats:italic>Mortierella ramanniana<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Mucor<\/jats:italic> sp., and mainly <jats:italic>Mortierella isabellina<\/jats:italic>, with glycerol being more adequate for <jats:italic>M. ramanniana<\/jats:italic> and glucose for <jats:italic>Mucor<\/jats:italic> sp. and <jats:italic>M. isabellina<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>M. isabellina<\/jats:italic> ATHUM 2935 produced lipids of 8.5\u00a0g\/L, 83.3% w\/w in dry cell weight (DCW) and conversion yield per unit of glucose consumed \u22480.25\u00a0g\/g. The respective values on glycerol were 5.4\u00a0g\/L, 66.6% w\/w in DCW and \u22480.22\u00a0g\/g. Lipids of all microorganisms were analyzed with regards to their fatty acid composition, and <jats:italic>M. isabellina<\/jats:italic> presented the closest similitude with rapeseed oil. Crude lipids produced by this fungus and extracted with chloroform\/methanol blend, were composed mostly of triacylglycerols, thus indicating that these solvents are adequate for triacylglycerol extraction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/elsc.201500191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]],"date-time":"2016-03-31T05:57:21Z","timestamp":1459403841000},"page":"262-281","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Conversion of biodiesel\u2010derived glycerol into biotechnological products of industrial significance by yeast and fungal strains"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Seraphim","family":"Papanikolaou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition Agricultural University of Athens  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Rontou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition 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