{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T08:26:52Z","timestamp":1765355212031},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,22]],"date-time":"2004-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1077408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":52,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ and Mol Mutagen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The volatile solvents carbon tetrachloride and chloroform are carcinogens that are often reported as nonmutagenic in bacterial mutagenicity assays. In this study, we evaluated the mutagenicity of these compounds in <jats:italic>Salmonella typhimurium<\/jats:italic> TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537, and <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> WP2<jats:italic>uvrA<\/jats:italic>\/pKM101 and WP2\/pKM101, with and without S9 mix, using a gas exposure method. Tests were also conducted with a glutathione\u2010supplemented S9 mix. Carbon tetrachloride was mutagenic in TA98 without S9 mix, and in WP2\/pKM101 and WP2<jats:italic>uvrA<\/jats:italic>\/pKM101 with and without S9 mix; carbon tetrachloride was not mutagenic in TA100, TA1535 or TA1537. Chloroform was mutagenic in WP2\/pKM101, but only in the presence of glutathione\u2010supplemented S9 mix. Chloroform was not mutagenic in TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, or WP2<jats:italic>uvrA<\/jats:italic>\/pKM101 with or without S9 mix, and was not mutagenic in TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, or WP2<jats:italic>uvrA<\/jats:italic>\/pKM101 in the presence of glutathione\u2010supplemented S9 mix. The data indicate that carbon tetrachloride and chloroform are bacterial mutagens when adequate exposure conditions are employed and suggest that a genotoxic mode of action could contribute to the carcinogenicity of these compounds. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 43:128\u2013133, 2004. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/em.20005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,26]],"date-time":"2004-02-26T20:37:34Z","timestamp":1077827854000},"page":"128-133","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Mutagenicity of carbon tetrachloride and chloroform in <i>Salmonella typhimurium<\/i> TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537, and <i>Escherichia coli<\/i> WP2<i>uvrA<\/i>\/pKM101 and WP2\/pKM101, using a gas exposure method"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Araki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Kamigaito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiaki","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taijiro","family":"Matsushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1161(75)90046-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10408448809037470"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0027-5107(94)90307-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1218(81)90048-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/14.2.207"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2797(86)90015-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1218(81)90072-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0015-6264(81)90517-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.72.12.5135"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0027-5107(85)90204-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"85","volume-title":"In vitro metabolic activation in mutagenesis testing","author":"Matsushima T","year":"1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1383-5718(96)00070-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1997.8123"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"334","article-title":"The formation of diglutathionyl dithiocarbonate as a metabolite of chloroform, bromotrichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride","volume":"9","author":"Pohl LR","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am Soc Pharmacol Exp Therapeutics"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2797(78)90076-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1383-5718(97)00187-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"305","article-title":"Mutagenicity study of carbon tetrachloride and chloroform with microbial mutagenicity test and rat liver micronucleus test","volume":"23","author":"Sasaki T","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"249","volume-title":"Progress in genetic toxicology","author":"Simmon VF","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00498257709035798"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-6915(82)80064-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1161(80)90192-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/10.3.235"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"55","article-title":"Salmonella mutagenicity tests: IV. Results from the testing of 300 chemicals","volume":"11","author":"Zeiger E","year":"1988","journal-title":"Environ Molecular Mutagen"}],"container-title":["Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fem.20005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/em.20005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T20:24:55Z","timestamp":1700252695000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/em.20005"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/em.20005"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/em.20005","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0893-6692","1098-2280"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-6692","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2280","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]}}}