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In the present study, we investigated markers of genotoxicity [chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and single\u2010strand breaks (SSBs)] in a cohort of 110 tire plant workers engaged in jobs with different levels of xenobiotic exposure in relation to various polymorphisms in genes coding for biotransformation enzymes (<jats:italic>CYP1A1, CYP2E1, EPHX1, GSTM1, GSTP1<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>GSTT1<\/jats:italic>) and in genes involved in DNA repair (<jats:italic>XPD<\/jats:italic> exon 23, <jats:italic>XPG<\/jats:italic> exon 15, <jats:italic>XPC<\/jats:italic> exon 15, <jats:italic>XRCC1<\/jats:italic> exon 10, and <jats:italic>XRCC3<\/jats:italic> exon 7). In addition, the expression of <jats:italic>CYP2E1<\/jats:italic>, a gene playing a key role in BD metabolism, was determined by real\u2010time PCR in peripheral blood lymphocytes, and the capacity of lymphocytes to repair \u03b3\u2010ray\u2010induced SSBs and to convert 8\u2010oxoguanine in HeLa cell DNA into SSBs was assessed using in vitro assays. No positive associations were detected between the CA frequency or SSB induction and levels of workplace exposure; however, a nonsignificant twofold higher irradiation\u2010specific DNA repair rate was found among highly exposed workers. In evaluations conducted with the markers of individual susceptibility, workers with low\u2010<jats:italic>EPHX1<\/jats:italic>\u2010activity genotypes exhibited a significantly higher CA frequency as compared to those with medium and high\u2010<jats:italic>EPHX1<\/jats:italic>\u2010activity genotypes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.050). CA frequencies were significantly lower in individuals homozygous for the <jats:italic>XPD<\/jats:italic> exon 23 variant allele in comparison to those with the wild\u2010type <jats:italic>CC<\/jats:italic> genotype (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.003). Interestingly, CAs were higher in individuals with higher <jats:italic>CYP2E1<\/jats:italic> expression levels, but the association was nonsignificant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.097). The results from this study suggest the importance of evaluating markers of individual susceptibility, since they may modulate genotoxic effects induced by occupational exposure to xenobiotics. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 44: 283\u2013292, 2004. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/em.20055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,6]],"date-time":"2004-10-06T20:01:45Z","timestamp":1097092905000},"page":"283-292","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Markers of individual susceptibility and DNA repair rate in workers exposed to xenobiotics in a tire 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