{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T12:51:06Z","timestamp":1791031866044,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,12]],"date-time":"2006-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1165881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ and Mol Mutagen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Exposure of humans to toxic compounds occurs mostly in the form of complex mixtures. Leachates, consisting of mixtures of many chemicals, are a potential risk to human health. In the present study, leachates of solid wastes from a polyfiber factory (PFL), an aeronautical plant (AEL), and a municipal sludge leachate (MSL) were assessed for their ability to induce DNA damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes using the alkaline Comet assay. The leachates also were examined for their physical and chemical properties. Lymphocytes were incubated with 0.5\u201315.0% concentrations (pH range 7.1\u20137.4) of the test leachates for 3 hr at 37\u00b0C, and treatment with 1 mM ethyl methanesulfonate served as a positive control. All three leachates induced significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05), concentration\u2010dependent increases in DNA damage compared with the negative control, as measured by increases in Olive tail moment (arbitrary units), tail DNA (%), and tail length (\u03bcm). A comparison of these variables among the treatment groups indicated that the MSL induced the most DNA damage. Inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry analysis of the leachates indicated that they contained high concentrations of heavy metals, viz. iron, manganese, nickel, zinc, cadmium, chromium, and lead. The individual, synergistic, or antagonistic effects of these chemicals in the leachates may be responsible for the DNA damage. Our data indicate that the ever\u2010increasing amounts of leachates from waste landfill sites have the potential to induce DNA damage and suggest that the exposure of human populations to these leachates may lead to adverse health effects. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2007. \u00a9 2006 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/em.20272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,13]],"date-time":"2006-12-13T00:47:26Z","timestamp":1165970846000},"page":"30-37","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["DNA damage induced in human peripheral blood lymphocytes by industrial solid waste and municipal sludge leachates"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Adekunle A.","family":"Bakare","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alok K.","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahima","family":"Bajpayee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Devyani","family":"Bhargav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debapratim Kar","family":"Chowdhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunwar P.","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramesh C.","family":"Murthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alok","family":"Dhawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Environmental Epidemiology: Public Health and Hazardous Wastes","author":"American National Research Council","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater","author":"American Public Health Association","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"4","volume-title":"Standard Test Method for Shake Extraction of Solid Waste with Water, ASTM Designation: D3987\u201085","author":"American Society for Testing and Materials","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(83)90209-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2004.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.4314\/sinet.v24i2.18192","article-title":"The potential mutagenic effect of the leachates of rural solid waste landfill on Allium cepa (L.)","volume":"24","author":"Bakare AA","year":"2001","journal-title":"SINET Ethiop J Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"263","article-title":"Effect of simulated leachate on chromosomes and mitosis in roots of Allium cepa (L.)","volume":"21","author":"Bakare AA","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Environ Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2004.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/DCT-100103086"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2256(1998)13:2<127::AID-TOX3>3.0.CO;2-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/hwm.1988.5.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"10500","volume-title":"Drinking Water Specifications","author":"Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-5107(99)00069-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.20005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2005.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00478169"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1110(94)90010-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.919245"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"127","article-title":"Molecular mechanism of Nickel carcinogenesis","volume":"102","author":"Costa M","year":"1994","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-6535(93)90100-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1110(90)90007-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-5107(00)00171-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1383-5718(01)00347-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","first-page":"1073","volume-title":"Hazardous Waste: Detection, Control, Treatment, Part B","author":"Donnelly JA","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620090405"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","first-page":"370","article-title":"Cadmium exposure and health risks: Recent findings","volume":"25","author":"Elinder CG","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.2166\/wqrj.1994.006","article-title":"Characterization of the chemical constituents and toxicity to aquatic organisms of a municipal landfill leachate","volume":"29","author":"Ernst WR","year":"1994","journal-title":"Water Pollut Res J Can"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrrev.2003.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Federal Ministry of Environment National Guidelines and Standards for Water in Nigeria","author":"Federal Environmental Protection Agency","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620180618"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3431772"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1040-8428(01)00212-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.02110s1189"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1218(96)90123-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02990346"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3431773"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es950355w"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1110(92)90001-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","series-title":"IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans","first-page":"257","author":"IARC Working Group","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(03)00298-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(89)90027-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1383-5742(00)00041-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/em.10090"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Evaluation of the potential for a proposed or existing landfill to pollute ground\u2010waters","author":"Lee GF","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2003.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2001000200003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1218(92)90037-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/em.20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/em.20161"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","first-page":"407","volume-title":"Tissue Culture","author":"Phillips HJ","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2004.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2004.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00478351"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01480540500408739"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/em.20149"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-5107(00)00075-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(88)90265-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2004.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2005.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2280(2000)35:3<206::AID-EM8>3.0.CO;2-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-004-0616-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","volume-title":"Acid digestion of sediments sludges and soils, Method\u20103050B","author":"United States Environmental Protection Agency","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1383-5718(02)00071-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","volume-title":"Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2004"}],"container-title":["Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fem.20272","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/em.20272","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]],"date-time":"2023-10-18T22:47:17Z","timestamp":1697669237000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/em.20272"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,12]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/em.20272"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/em.20272","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0893-6692","1098-2280"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-6692","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2280","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,12]]}}}