{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T18:28:43Z","timestamp":1773080923889,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,14]],"date-time":"2006-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1152835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8230,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ. mutagen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Wastewater collected from oil\u2010water separating tanks of ten gasoline stations for a year was fractionated into diethyl ether\u2010soluble neutral, acidic, and basic fractions. Mutagenicity of these fractions was measured with <jats:italic>Salmonella typhimurium<\/jats:italic> strains TA98 and TA100 in the presence or absence of S9 mix. The neutral fractions showed high mutagenicity in the absence of S9 mix. Each neutral fraction was subjected to high\u2010performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and fractionated. A 1\u2010nitropyrene(1\u2010NP)\u2010corresponding fraction was collected and analyzed by gas chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry (GC\u2010MS) and HPLC to prove that wastewater contains 1\u2010NP and to quantitate 1\u2010NP in wastewater. GC\u2010MS patterns showed the following molecular and fragment ion peaks of 1\u2010NP: 247, 217, 201, and 189. The amount of 1\u2010NP in 36 samples of wastewater was 4.2\u201325,600 ng per liter of wastewater, and 1\u2010NP accounted for O.3\u201358.5% of the total mutagenicity of the neutral fractions. The other 19 samples of wastewater did not contain any detectable 1\u2010NP. The mutagenicity of wastewater may be due to water from car washing and contamination by used crankcase oil.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A Soxhlet extract of crankcase oil used in a gasoline engine was fractionated into three fractions as above. Mutagenicity was measured with strains TA98, TA100, TA98NR, and TA98\/1,8\u2010DNP<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub> in the absence or presence of S9 mix. The neutral fraction showed the highest mutagenicity with strain TA98 in the absence of S9 mix, and its mutagenicity was decreased in strains TA98NR and TA98\/1,8DNP<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>. The latter result indicates that the used engine\u2010oil contained 1\u2010NP and dinitropyrenes. Actually, the amounts of 1\u2010NP and 1,6\u2010diNP in used crankcase oil were 138 and 2.0 ng per ml of oil, respectively, and these concentrations accounted for 0.45 and 2.7%, respectively, of the total mutagenicity of the neutral fraction with strain TA98 in the absence of S9 mix. Moreover, the concentrations of 1\u2010NP and 1,6\u2010diNP in used crankcase oil of a diesel engine were 349 and 31 ng per ml of oil, respectively, accounting for 0.9 and 12%, respectively, of the total mutagenicity of the neutral fraction in the same assay system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/em.2860060505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,20]],"date-time":"2007-02-20T22:42:49Z","timestamp":1172011369000},"page":"669-681","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Mutagenic 1\u2010nitropyrene in wastewater from oil\u2010water separating tanks of gasoline stations and in used crankcase oil"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Manabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takemi","family":"Kinouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazumi","family":"Wakisaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isao","family":"Tahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshinari","family":"Ohnishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60072a002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"707","volume-title":"Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Chemical Analysis and Biological Fate","author":"Gibson TL","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(00)85103-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1982.tb00249.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.46.3.596-604.1983","article-title":"Purification and characterization of 1\u2010nitropyrene nitroreductases from Bacteroides fragilis","volume":"46","author":"Kinouchi T","year":"1983","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","article-title":"Chemical analysis of diesel particulate matter and an evaluation of artifact formation","volume":"721","author":"Lee FS\u2010C","year":"1980","journal-title":"In ASTM STP"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"92","volume-title":"Sampling and Analysis of Toxic Organics in the Atmosphere"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6996094"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1161(83)90010-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/jhs1956.27.169"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-3611-2_35"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.635591"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.2550010203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.705341"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-7992(81)90080-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6996095"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-7992(82)90114-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03067318108071903"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1161(81)90036-4"}],"container-title":["Environmental Mutagenesis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fem.2860060505","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/em.2860060505","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]],"date-time":"2023-10-20T02:03:52Z","timestamp":1697767432000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/em.2860060505"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1984,1]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/em.2860060505"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/em.2860060505","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0192-2521","1930-238X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0192-2521","type":"print"},{"value":"1930-238X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1984,1]]}}}