{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:42:52Z","timestamp":1786977772396,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,30]],"date-time":"2009-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Env Prog and Sustain Energy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Iron nanoaggregates have been prepared using the sodium borohydride reduction method and postcoated with Pd using aqueous phase electro\u2010deposition. The Fe\/Pd nanoaggregates were used to examine dechlorination of trichloroethylene (TCE) with regard to matrix effects using materials representative of a potential zero\u2010valent metal remediation site surrounding the Paducah gaseous diffusion plant in Paducah, KY. A surface\u2010area\u2010normalized first\u2010order rate constant of 1.4 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    L m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    h\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    was obtained for the case of ideal dechlorination of 19.6 mg L\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    TCE at room temperature and pH 6.2 using 0.5 g L\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    Fe\/Pd (0.42 wt % Pd) loading. This value decreases by an order of magnitude to 1.9 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    L m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    h\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    when the reaction is carried out in a realistic background matrix when the pH is high (8.8). For all variables tested, Pd content has the most impact on reaction rates. Circulating batch\u2010column experiments are used to study dechlorination under flow conditions and demonstrate the ability of nonstabilized Fe\/Pd nanoaggregates to remove significant amounts of TCE (80\u201390%) over a broad range of groundwater velocities (12.9\u201383 ft per day) using moderate metal loadings (0.23\u20130.5 g L\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). \u00a9 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2009\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ep.10334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,30]],"date-time":"2009-01-30T14:50:30Z","timestamp":1233327030000},"page":"507-518","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A study of groundwater matrix effects for the destruction of trichloroethylene using Fe\/Pd nanoaggregates"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"D.E.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Hampson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Ormsbee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Bhattacharyya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es970563j"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es0608747"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie070393b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(00)00147-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es970039c"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es048262e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es049195r"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2006.10.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ic00105a009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es0712120"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es702589u"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es9600901"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es062993s"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm020737i"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie050086a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-5861(98)00067-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es0323998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie9903588"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie0611498"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es048743y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es0705543"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie0610896"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","first-page":"42001","volume-title":"Feasibility study for the groundwater operable unit at Paducah gaseous diffusion plant Paducah, Kentucky","author":"DOE (U.S. Department of Energy)","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","unstructured":"Sexton J.Lithologic and stratigraphic compilation of near\u2010surface sediments for the Paducah gaseous diffusion plant McCracken County Kentucky Final Masters Thesis July2005."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp070972u"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ep.10031"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es8001986"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2007.07.014"}],"container-title":["Environmental Progress &amp; 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