{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T18:21:57Z","timestamp":1755800517923,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epileptic Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although epilepsy is the most common comorbidity of brain tumors, epileptic spasms rarely occur. Brain tumors associated with epileptic spasms are mostly low\u2010grade gliomas. To date, few studies in the literature have reported on malignant (Grades 3\u20134) brain tumors associated with epileptic spasms. Thus, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of malignant brain tumor\u2010associated epileptic spasms. We retrospectively reviewed patients with malignant brain tumors and epileptic spasms in our institution. Data on demographics, tumor histology, magnetic resonance imaging, epileptic spasm characteristics, electroencephalography, and treatment responsiveness were also collected. Six patients were included. In all cases, the brain tumors occurred in infancy in the supratentorial region and epileptic spasm onset occurred after the completion of brain tumor treatment. Anti\u2010seizure medication did not control epileptic spasms; two patients were seizure\u2010free after epileptic surgery. Although all patients had developmental delays caused by malignant brain tumors and their treatment, developmental regression proceeded after epileptic spasm onset. Two patients who achieved seizure\u2010free status showed improved developmental outcomes after cessation of epileptic spasms. This is the first report of the characteristics of malignant brain tumor\u2010associated epileptic spasms. Our report highlights a difficulties of seizure control and possibillity of efficacy of epileptic surgery in this condition. In malignant brain tumor\u2010associated epileptic spasms, it is important to proceed with presurgical evaluation from an early stage, bearing in mind that epileptic spasms may become drug\u2010resistant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/epd2.20240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T12:58:45Z","timestamp":1718715525000},"page":"514-519","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Characteristics of malignant brain tumor\u2010associated epileptic spasms"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4468-1023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoki","family":"Yamada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology Osaka City General Hospital  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7077-6320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ichiro","family":"Kuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology Osaka City General Hospital  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5846-0128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masataka","family":"Fukuoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology Osaka City General Hospital  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megumi","family":"Nukui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology Osaka City General Hospital  Osaka Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Logopedics Osaka City General Hospital  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology Osaka City General Hospital  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryoko","family":"Umaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery Osaka City General Hospital  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noritsugu","family":"Kunihiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery Osaka City General Hospital  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Yamasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Osaka City General Hospital  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takehiro","family":"Uda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery Osaka City General Hospital  Osaka Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Metropolitan University  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Fujisaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Osaka City General Hospital  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shin","family":"Okazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology Osaka City General Hospital  Osaka Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Logopedics Osaka City General Hospital  Osaka 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