{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T23:22:23Z","timestamp":1772580143905,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epileptic Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypothalamic hamartomas are congenital lesions that typically present with gelastic seizures, refractory epilepsy, neurodevelopmental delay, and severe cognitive impairment. Surgical procedures have been reported to be effective in removing the hamartomas, however, they are associated with significant morbidity. Therefore, it is not considered a safe therapeutic modality. Image\u2010guided robotic radiosurgery (CyberKnife\u00ae Radiosurgery System) has been shown to provide good outcomes without lasting complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This series of cases describes the clinical, radiological, radiotherapeutic, and postsurgical outcomes of five patients with epileptic encephalopathies secondary to hypothalamic hamartomas who were treated with CyberKnife\u00ae.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients exhibited refractory epilepsy with gelastic seizures and were unsuitable candidates for surgical resection The prescribed dose ranged between 16 and 25\u2009Gy, delivered in a single fraction for four patients and five fractions for one patient while adhering strictly to visual pathway constraints. After radiosurgery, four patients maintained seizure control (one with an Engel class Ia, three with an Engel class 1d), and another presented sporadic, nondisabling gelastic seizures (with an Engel class IIa). After 24\u201326\u2009months of follow\u2010up, in three patients, their intelligence quotient scores increased. No complications were reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>This report suggests that Cyberknife may be a good option for treating hypothalamic hamartoma, particularly in cases where other noninvasive alternatives are unavailable. Nevertheless, additional studies are essential in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the technique in these cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/epd2.20246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T13:41:51Z","timestamp":1716903711000},"page":"581-590","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Epileptic encephalopathies secondary to hypothalamic hamartomas treated with radiosurgery: A case series"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9720-096X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esteban","family":"Jaramillo\u2010Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuro\u2010Oncology Unit Fundaci\u00f3n Instituto Neurol\u00f3gico de Colombia  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5549-4560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana","family":"Sandoval\u2010Barrios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuro\u2010Oncology Unit Fundaci\u00f3n Instituto Neurol\u00f3gico de Colombia  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3572-4346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fergus John","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine College of Health &amp; Medicine, University of Tasmania  Hobart Tasmania Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5030-0891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Clara","family":"Jaramillo\u2010Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuropsychology Unit Fundaci\u00f3n Instituto Neurol\u00f3gico de Colombia  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7501-9812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan David","family":"Echeverri\u2010S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiosurgery Unit Fundaci\u00f3n Instituto Neurol\u00f3gico de Colombia  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2270-7088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iader Alfonso","family":"Rodr\u00edguez\u2010M\u00e1rquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department Fundaci\u00f3n Instituto Neurol\u00f3gico de Colombia  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4206-4630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hern\u00e1n Dar\u00edo","family":"Barrientos\u2010Montoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiosurgery Unit Fundaci\u00f3n Instituto Neurol\u00f3gico de Colombia  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9255-5761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Ascencio\u2010Lancheros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuro\u2010Radiology Unit Fundaci\u00f3n Instituto Neurol\u00f3gico de Colombia  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7223-4381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John Freddy","family":"Giraldo\u2010Palacio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiosurgery Unit Fundaci\u00f3n Instituto Neurol\u00f3gico de Colombia  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1032-7600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iv\u00e1n Manuel","family":"Sierra\u2010Arrieta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiosurgery Unit Fundaci\u00f3n Instituto Neurol\u00f3gico de Colombia  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7797-2519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David Ignacio","family":"G\u00f3mez\u2010Duque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiosurgery Unit Fundaci\u00f3n Instituto Neurol\u00f3gico de Colombia  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6257-2659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sim\u00f3n","family":"P\u00e9rez\u2010L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Resident Universidad de Antioquia  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0741-8528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana Torres","family":"Bustamante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department Fundaci\u00f3n Instituto Neurol\u00f3gico de Colombia  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.11.FOCUS10250"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2017.0101.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2023.107186"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143\u2010020\u201001298\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/epi4.12378"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.4.JNS1582"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13751"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000110194.77056.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.2968"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13754"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.106077"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.909829"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3438081"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpor.2020.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2023.109439"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2007.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2010.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528\u20101167.2006.00516.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381\u2010006\u20100125\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/ped.2004.100.5.0506"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2009.0275"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2007.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143\u2010008\u20100142\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2003.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000318279.92233.82"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.9.PEDS1747"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyz378"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13760"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.8.GKS101027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.8.GKS101059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16896"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2021.106624"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2007.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12209"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2005.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsyn.2018.00043"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13306"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2016.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000793"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002253"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978\u20103\u20107091\u20106117\u20103_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972\u20102327.128547"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470\u20102045(18)30659\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2017.01.004"}],"container-title":["Epileptic Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/epd2.20246","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,12]],"date-time":"2024-10-12T05:39:09Z","timestamp":1728711549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/epd2.20246"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/epd2.20246"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/epd2.20246","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1294-9361","1950-6945"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1294-9361","type":"print"},{"value":"1950-6945","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}