{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T07:02:42Z","timestamp":1784876562555,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epileptic Disorders"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) can provide additional information for localizing the epileptogenic zone (EZ). However, due to the brevity of routine electroencephalography, IEDs are often not recorded and there is a lack of general recommendation regarding the recording duration<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In our study, we analyzed the mean latency until the first IED was detected in 589 patients with focal epilepsy. IEDs were distinguished as either congruent (occurring within the EZ) or discordant (occurring outside the EZ). Patients were assigned to one of four regional subgroups according to the localization of their EZ: frontal, temporal, central, and parieto\u2010occipital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 50\u2009040 IEDs were analyzed across temporal (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009252), frontal (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009127), central (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095), and parieto\u2010occipital epilepsy (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200927). The first IED was significantly more likely to be congruent with the EZ in temporal lobe epilepsy (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01); otherwise, it was not statistically significant. The mean latency was 19.73\u2009h for congruent IEDs and 23.27\u2009h for discordant IEDs. Overall, 90% of the first IEDs were detected within 49.20\u2009h, with the longest latency observed in frontal lobe epilepsy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study demonstrates the latency to the first IEDs on EEG, differentiating between IEDs that are congruent and discordant with the EZ. This allows for a more precise estimation of the necessary length of an EEG recording to evaluate the EZ.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/epd2.70351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T06:34:57Z","timestamp":1784874897000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Timing of congruent and discordant interictal epileptiform\n                    <scp>EEG<\/scp>\n                    discharges in focal epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6061-7358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katharina","family":"Ernst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, LMU University Hospital LMU Munich  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Navab","family":"Daneshmand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, LMU University Hospital LMU Munich  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0363-3033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas","family":"Fearns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, LMU University Hospital LMU Munich  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4640-2991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selina","family":"Trapp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, LMU University Hospital LMU Munich  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"R\u00e9mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, LMU University Hospital LMU Munich  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(84)92281\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1987.tb03652.x","article-title":"Effectiveness of multiple EEGs in supporting the diagnosis of epilepsy: an operational curve","volume":"28","author":"Salinsky M","year":"1987","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2013.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002592"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2009.02.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301\u20100082(00)00026\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528\u20101157.2000.tb00210.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31823152c3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13966"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2012.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2015.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0b013e31818f008a","article-title":"Time to first Interictal Epileptiform discharge in extended recording EEGs","volume":"25","author":"Losey TE","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415\u2010019\u201009213\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_237_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13977"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.57.4.497"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.14514"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528\u20101157.1999.tb00794.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/epi4.12587"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad015"}],"container-title":["Epileptic 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