{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T16:23:54Z","timestamp":1787415834384,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787356800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epileptic Disorders"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Frontal lobe seizures have heterogeneous semiology, making electroclinical localization challenging. Bonini et\u00a0al. proposed a semiological classification based on rostrocaudal frontal lobe organization. We evaluated its interobserver and intraobserver reliability and explored anatomical and surgical correlations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed long\u2010term video\u2010EEG recordings of 33 patients with suspected frontal lobe epilepsy. Two independent observers classified seizures into four Bonini groups and repeated the classification after 12\u2009weeks. Semiology was interpreted using standardized ILAE terminology where applicable, while group allocation was based on the descriptors of the original Bonini classification. Reliability was assessed using Cohen's kappa, percentage agreement, and an interobserver confusion matrix. Neuroimaging findings were mapped to Brodmann areas and correlated with Bonini group allocation as an exploratory analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intraobserver reliability was excellent, with kappa values of .869 and .914. Interobserver agreement was substantial, with kappa values of .6535 and .6988 across the two trials. Group 2 seizures were most frequent, whereas Group 4 was rare. The confusion matrix showed predominant diagonal agreement, with disagreements mainly between adjacent groups. Among 13 patients with clearly localizable focal lesions, semiology correlated with anatomical localization in nine. Nine patients underwent surgery; concordance was observed in seven, and all achieved Engel Class I outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bonini's classification shows excellent intraobserver reliability and substantial interobserver agreement in routine video\u2010EEG practice. Anatomical validation remains limited by the absence of systematic SEEG confirmation, but the observed imaging and surgical correlations support its clinical applicability as a reproducible framework for presurgical hypothesis generation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is the first study to validate the reproducibility of Bonini's classification in routine video\u2010EEG practice; however, network\u2010based anatomical interpretation should remain cautious in the absence of systematic SEEG validation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/epd2.70378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T15:53:41Z","timestamp":1787414021000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Reliability of Bonini's semiological classification in frontal lobe seizures: A video\u2010\n                    <scp>EEG<\/scp>\n                    based study"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1136-5027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jayanti","family":"Mani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Centre  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunita","family":"Iyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Centre  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nilima","family":"Bhalerao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swami Vivekanand Medical Mission Hospital  Nagpur India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl364","article-title":"Surgical outcome and prognostic factors of frontal lobe epilepsy surgery","volume":"130","author":"Jehi LE","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2010.10.005","article-title":"Differentiating frontal lobe epilepsy from psychogenic nonepileptic seizures","volume":"29","author":"LaFrance WC","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2010.08.018","article-title":"Frontal lobe epilepsy","volume":"18","author":"Beleza P","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13791","article-title":"Defining epileptogenic networks: contribution of SEEG and signal analysis","volume":"58","author":"Bartolomei F","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","first-page":"115","article-title":"The clinical signs and symptoms of frontal lobe seizures. Phenomenology and classification","volume":"66","author":"Chauvel P","year":"1995","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1995.tb01659.x","article-title":"Frontal lobe seizures: electroclinical syndromes","volume":"36","author":"Salanova V","year":"1995","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.2000.tb00319.x","article-title":"Intractable seizures of frontal lobe origin: clinical characteristics, localizing signs, and results of surgery","volume":"41","author":"Jobst BC","year":"2000","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.1.17","article-title":"An analysis of clinical seizure patterns and their localizing value in frontal and temporal lobe epilepsies","volume":"119","author":"Manford 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data","volume":"33","author":"Landis JR","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3363","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10949-0","article-title":"Frontal lobe seizures: overview and update","volume":"269","author":"McGonigal A","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2667","article-title":"Is the rostro\u2010caudal axis of the frontal lobe hierarchical?","volume":"10","author":"Badre D","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107436","article-title":"Prefrontal seizure classification based on stereo\u2010EEG quantification and automatic clustering","volume":"112","author":"Machado S","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.12112","article-title":"The hierarchical organization of the lateral prefrontal cortex","volume":"5","author":"Nee DE","year":"2016","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2211","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000200145","article-title":"Association between semiology and anatomo\u2010functional localization in patients with cingulate epilepsy: a cohort study","volume":"98","author":"Pelliccia V","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2022.106998","article-title":"Long term seizure, psychiatric and socioeconomic outcomes after frontal lobe epilepsy surgery","volume":"186","author":"Khoo A","year":"2022","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"}],"container-title":["Epileptic 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