{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T17:22:00Z","timestamp":1776100920482,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766448000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR\u201020\u2010CE17\u20100025\u201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR\u201020\u2010CE17\u20100025\u201001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One\u2010third of patients with epilepsy, particularly those with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), remain resistant to medication. Resective surgery, the gold standard, is highly invasive and carries significant risks. Here, using a mouse model, we explored the potential of microbeam radiation therapy (MRT), a new technique based on the spatial microfractionation of high\u2010flux X\u2010rays, as a non\u2010invasive alternative for treating MTLE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MTLE was modeled in male C57BL6\/J mice via unilateral kainate injection in the dorsal hippocampus. Mice with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)\u2013validated hippocampal sclerosis (HS) were irradiated at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) using MRT with either a single trajectory (peak doses\u2009=\u2009125\u2013500\u2009Gy) or multiple trajectories (2 or 5 ports at a cumulated peak dose of 125\u2009Gy at the target). Their focal seizures were then monitored with use of electroencephalography (EEG) during 8\u2009weeks, upon which immunochemistry was performed to assess potential tissular toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anteroposterior 1\u2010port MRT significantly reduced EEG\u2010recorded focal seizures at 125 and 250\u2009Gy, in a dose\u2010dependent manner. However, increased mortality was observed at 500\u2009Gy. Immunohistolabeling revealed neuronal loss (revealed by NeuN staining), microgliosis (revealed by Iba1 straining), and astrogliosis (revealed by GFAP staining) limited to the microbeam tracks at all doses in the injected hippocampus and adjacent brain structures (e.g., cortex). Five\u2010port MRT with a peak dose of 125\u2009Gy at the target improved the antiepileptic effect, whereas no significant tissue alterations outside the microbeam tracks were detected by histological assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This proof\u2010of\u2010concept study highlights MRT as a promising non\u2010invasive therapy for drug\u2010resistant focal epilepsies with optimal peak doses of 125\u2013250\u2009Gy, and it suggests that distributing the dose through multiple angles optimizes the therapeutic effect. MRT could provide a safer alternative to surgery, warranting further investigations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/epi.70063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T14:15:06Z","timestamp":1766499306000},"page":"1614-1626","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Synchrotron\u2010generated microbeams as a radiosurgical alternative for drug\u2010resistant epilepsies: Proof of concept in a mouse model of mesiotemporal lobe epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3596-231X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loan","family":"Samalens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, Inserm  Grenoble France"},{"name":"Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedecine (STROBE), Inserm UA7  Saint Martin d'H\u00e8res France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8440-3007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camille","family":"Beets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, Inserm  Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2826-0192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clothilde","family":"Courivaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, Inserm  Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1810-4217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarvenaz","family":"Keshmiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, Inserm  Grenoble France"},{"name":"Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedecine (STROBE), Inserm UA7  Saint Martin d'H\u00e8res France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5608-3616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean\u2010Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Adam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedecine (STROBE), Inserm UA7  Saint Martin d'H\u00e8res France"},{"name":"Radiotherapy Department, Grenoble University Hospital  La Tronche France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3590-116X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Pellicioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF)  Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4952-1240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel Luc","family":"Barbier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, Inserm  Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3294-8544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rapha\u00ebl","family":"Serduc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedecine (STROBE), Inserm UA7  Saint Martin d'H\u00e8res France"},{"name":"Radiotherapy Department, Grenoble University Hospital  La Tronche France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6543-6700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoine","family":"Depaulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, Inserm  Grenoble 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