{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T16:24:31Z","timestamp":1784219071821,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001279","name":"Great Ormond Street Hospital Charity","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VS2413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VS2413"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001279","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR205474"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR205474"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Determining patient\u2010specific thalamic connectivity alterations may be an important step toward personalized surgical and neuromodulation strategies, but no data are available to support this concept in pediatric cohorts. This study investigated thalamocortical structural connectivity profiles in children with focal\u2010onset epilepsy of different seizure\u2010onset zones.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This neuroimaging, case\u2013control study compared structural connectivity of four thalamic nuclei (anteroventral [AV], centromedian [CM], mediodorsal [MDPf], and pulvinar [PUL]) between 81 children who underwent surgery for focal\u2010onset epilepsy (median age\u2009=\u200912.2\u2009years) and 63 controls (median age\u2009=\u200912.8\u2009years). Using preoperative 3\u2010Tesla diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI), brain (Lausanne) and thalamic (THOMAS) parcellations combined with tractography generated structural connectomes based on streamline counts. Connectivity strength of each thalamic nucleus was calculated by summing the weights of each connecting brain region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients had higher structural connectivity strengths than controls of the thalamic nuclei (effect size (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u209a)\u2009=\u2009.072;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.015), differentially involving nucleus regions, but there was no overall difference in nucleus volumes (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u209a\u2009&lt;\u2009.000;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.968). When comparing patient groups defined by seizure\u2010onset zones, it emerged that reduced AV connectivity strength was specific to the hippocampal sclerosis group, whereas CM, MDPf, and PUL connectivity was similarly high in all the patient groups, including those with frontal or temporal lobe epilepsy. Patients who were seizure\u2010free after surgery had a lower ipsilateral and a higher contralateral connectivity strength (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u209a\u2009=\u2009.111;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.005) and volumes (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u209a\u2009=\u2009.073;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.025) of thalamic nuclei compared to those who were not.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides unique data suggesting that different pediatric focal epilepsies have distinct structural thalamocortical connectivity and volumetric profiles. The structural connectivity and volumetric asymmetries of the thalami have an association with postoperative seizure freedom. More studies are required to further understand the thalamic connectivity signatures that may have implications for precision surgical planning and neuromodulation targeting for focal\u2010onset epilepsy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/epi.70099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T16:10:26Z","timestamp":1768839026000},"page":"1901-1915","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Thalamocortical structural connectivity in children with focal epilepsy: A diffusion\n                    <scp>MRI<\/scp>\n                    , case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6422-5853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rory J.","family":"Piper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University 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