{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T15:04:52Z","timestamp":1783955092884,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The potential influence of carotid stenosis on seizure or epilepsy outcomes and whether revascularization modifies this risk remain understudied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using a large real\u2010world database, we identified adults diagnosed with carotid stenosis and excluded those with prior seizures, epilepsy, or common provoking conditions. Patients were classified according to whether they underwent carotid endarterectomy or carotid artery stenting within 1\u2009month of diagnosis. Propensity score matching was performed based on demographic variables and major vascular comorbidities. The primary outcome was a composite of new onset seizures or epilepsy at 1\u2009month, 3\u2009months, and 2\u2009years of follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 848\u2009939 eligible patients, 41\u2009225 were matched. Carotid revascularization was associated with significantly lower risk of seizures or epilepsy. Incidence in the revascularization group was .3% at 1\u2009month, .4% at 3\u2009months, and .8% at 2\u2009years, corresponding to hazard ratios of .30 (95% confidence interval [CI] = .24\u2013.38), .36 (95% CI = .30\u2013.43), and .41 (95% CI = .36\u2013.47), respectively. These associations remained consistent across symptomatic and asymptomatic subgroups and between procedural modalities. In sensitivity analysis including patients who experienced ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke after carotid stenosis diagnosis, seizure or epilepsy incidence remained lower in the revascularization group, with hazard ratios of .27 (95% CI = .18\u2013.41) at 3\u2009months and .35 (95% CI = .28\u2013.45) at 2\u2009years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Beyond its established role in stroke prevention, carotid revascularization was associated with reduced incidence of seizures or epilepsy in this real\u2010world analysis. This association persisted even among patients who experienced cerebrovascular events following the procedure. The potential protective effect of revascularization and its underlying mechanisms warrant further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/epi.70237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T09:16:17Z","timestamp":1775639777000},"page":"3523-3532","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of carotid revascularization with epilepsy and seizures in patients with carotid stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Ming\u2010Tsung","family":"Chuang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia\u2010En","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih\u2010Yuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1102-2144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pang\u2010Shuo","family":"Perng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan 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