{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T06:41:05Z","timestamp":1792132865627,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22\u201015\u201000236\u2010P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22\u201015\u201000236\u2010P"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spreading depolarizations (SDs) are often associated with epileptic discharges. Although SDs are traditionally thought to contribute to postictal depression and termination of epileptic discharges, seizures may also occur during SDs or may even follow SDs, suggesting that interactions between SD and seizures are more complex. Here, we examined the interactions between SD and epileptic activity by spatially separating the epileptic focus and the site of SD initiation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Subdural electrocorticographic arrays (6\u2009\u00d7\u200910 electrodes) and intracortical silicon probes were used to record SDs and epileptic activity in the rat parietal cortex. An epileptic focus was induced by local intracortical injection of the potassium channel blocker 4\u2010aminopyridine combined with the \u03b3\u2010aminobutyric acid type A receptor antagonist gabazine, whereas extrinsic SDs were evoked by distal high\u2010potassium solution application.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found that extrinsic SDs exerted a biphasic effect; they initially promoted seizurelike events (SLEs) when the SD wave approached the epileptic focus, which was then followed by suppression of epileptic activity after the SD spread through the focus. The timing of SLEs relative to SDs varied at different recording sites, with SLEs occurring before, during, or after SD arrival depending on electrode position along the trajectory of SD propagation between the SD initiation site and the epileptic focus. During intracortical recordings, the proconvulsive effects of SD were associated with a wave of pre\u2010SD neuronal excitation reaching the epileptic focus. The epileptic focus per se also demonstrated resistance to the SD invasion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The interactions between SDs and an epileptic focus are not limited to postictal depression, and SDs may also promote epileptic activity in the hyperexcitable cortex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/epi.70252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T15:40:41Z","timestamp":1776267641000},"page":"3815-3828","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Dual role of spreading depolarization in an epileptic focus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6609-8798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daria","family":"Vinokurova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology Kazan Federal University  Kazan Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2626-1417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karina","family":"Tukhvatullina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology Kazan Federal University  Kazan Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6763-2841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roustem","family":"Khazipov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology Kazan Federal University  Kazan Russia"},{"name":"Aix\u2010Marseille University, L\u2019Institut de Neurobiologie de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e (INMED), Institut national de la sant\u00e9 et de la recherche m\u00e9dicale (Inserm)  Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0010-4419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azat","family":"Nasretdinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology Kazan Federal University  Kazan Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1944.7.6.359"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.3.1065"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3770"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00027.2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16654495"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2008.05.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-59900-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adv3260"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr303"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106937"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70243-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2020.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410300412"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-022-01441-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab457"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16390"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22464-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-07-02567.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90567-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00237205"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-021-01041-9"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","article-title":"Spreading depolarization in the brainstem mediates sudden cardiorespiratory arrest in mouse SUDEP models","volume":"8","author":"Aiba I","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X20915801"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1987.57.3.869"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200010)48:4<632::AID-ANA10>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(93)90454-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2020.05.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2021.761423"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2013.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417724151"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","first-page":"1285","volume-title":"Jasper's basic mechanisms of the epilepsies","author":"Aiba I","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.70010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2005.08.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhy196"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780199746545.003.0073"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-021-00516-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S0022093025010107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.11.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1953.16.4.352"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0953-816X.2004.03436.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","unstructured":"BahariF SsentongoP LiuJ KimbugweJ CurayC SchiffSJ et\u00a0al.Seizure\u2010associated spreading depression is a major feature of ictal events in two animal models of chronic epilepsy.bioRxiv. 2020:455519."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1944.7.6.391"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-12346-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-025-02199-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1956.19.2.154"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-43509-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.621581"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1975.tb04727.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-96188-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0246-21.2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2017.00408"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2008.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0205-19.2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.480020105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(93)90484-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3694-15.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16659496"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WellsJ.Human neuroanatomy. In:CarpenterWB SutinJ editors.8th ed.Baltimore MD:Williams & Wilkins;1983. p.872. $44.00 Muscle Nerve 1983;6:462\u2013462.","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880060612"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2020.00052"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.124321"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhu007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.0521c.xd"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.14-11-07087.1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(93)91412-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7079735"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP277749"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2015.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-12-05337.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X20935998"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"VinokurovaD TukhvatullinaK KhazipovR NasretdinovA.Dual role of spreading depolarization in the epileptic focus.bioRxiv. 2025:2025.2012.2003.692116.","DOI":"10.64898\/2025.12.03.692116"}],"container-title":["Epilepsia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/epi.70252","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/epi.70252","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/epi.70252","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T14:14:52Z","timestamp":1783952092000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/epi.70252"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/epi.70252"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/epi.70252","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.64898\/2025.12.03.692116","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0013-9580","1528-1167"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9580","type":"print"},{"value":"1528-1167","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}