{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T19:01:37Z","timestamp":1789239697570,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Advances in stereo\u2010electroencephalography\u2013guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (SEEG\u2010guided RFTC) have led to the development of cross\u2010electrode RFTC, which has been shown to result in significantly larger lesions and higher seizure\u2010freedom rates compared to standard RFTC methods. Given the novelty of cross\u2010electrode RFTC, herein we review the reported surgical techniques and treatment\u2010related outcomes to date to identify current research gaps and future directions. Ten articles were identified for review including 187 participants who underwent cross\u2010electrode RFTC. Hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) and hippocampal sclerosis (HS) accounted for 52% and 26% of all cases, respectively. The proportion of cases with seizure freedom at last follow\u2010up was 71%, including 84% of the HH cases, 54% of all temporal lobe cases, and 56% of the HS cases. Long\u2010term efficacy in one HS study dropped from 72% at 12\u2009months to 43% at 5\u2009years post\u2010treatment. Most (94%) reported complications resolved. One study reported favorable neuropsychological outcomes in HS cross\u2010electrode RFTC compared to standard resective epilepsy surgery; however, it did not use memory tasks known to be reliable proximal markers of mesial temporal dysfunction\/disease. In conclusion, extending RFTC boundaries through cross\u2010electrode methods may improve RFTC efficacy and produce seizure\u2010freedom rates comparable to established epilepsy surgical interventions in the treatment of HH and HS at 12\u2009months, with a low risk of postoperative complications. There is limited research exploring efficacy in non\u2010lesional epilepsy despite these cases often undergoing SEEG for diagnostic purposes and being well placed for cross\u2010electrode RFTC. In addition, there is a lack of research exploring the neurocognitive and psychiatric risks of cross\u2010electrode RFTC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/epi.70261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T14:59:58Z","timestamp":1778165998000},"page":"3251-3262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Stereo\u2010electroencephalography\u2013guided cross\u2010electrode radiofrequency thermocoagulation in focal epilepsy: A review of current methodologies and outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9999-3271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bethany","family":"Campbell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Alfred Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine Monash University  Melbourne Victoria 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