{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T10:40:03Z","timestamp":1792665603567,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792627200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Migraine and epilepsy are paroxysmal neurological disorders that frequently co\u2010occur and share common pathophysiological mechanisms. Whether comorbid migraine is associated with epilepsy subtypes (focal vs. generalized) and with seizure control remains poorly understood. This systematic review and meta\u2010analysis aimed to evaluate these associations. This study was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010Analyses) 2020 guidelines. PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to April 1, 2026. Studies ascertaining migraine using the formal diagnostic criteria defined by the International Headache Society or a predefined migraine ascertainment method, including validated screening instruments or questionnaires, were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle\u2013Ottawa Scale, and studies scoring seven or higher were included in a random\u2010effects meta\u2010analysis. A total of 8250 records were identified; 15 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis and six in the quantitative synthesis. Migraine comorbidity was not significantly associated with epilepsy subtypes (odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20091.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .84\u20131.43;\n                    <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u200932.1%). The primary analysis showed no significant association between comorbid migraine and favorable seizure control status (OR\u2009=\u2009.70, 95% CI = .45\u20131.11;\n                    <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u200963.2%). However, a separate exploratory, hypothesis\u2010generating sensitivity analysis yielded an exploratory association between comorbid migraine and less favorable seizure control outcomes (OR\u2009=\u2009.61, 95% CI = .41\u2013.91;\n                    <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u200947.6%); all pooled estimates were based on unadjusted data. Current data did not show a significant difference in migraine comorbidity between focal and generalized epilepsy. Although the overall analysis found no significant link between comorbid migraine and favorable seizure outcomes, an exploratory, hypothesis\u2010generating sensitivity analysis suggested a possible association with less favorable seizure control, warranting confirmation through prospective, syndrome\u2010specific studies with standardized outcome measures.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/epi.70554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T10:03:52Z","timestamp":1792663432000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Migraine comorbidity in epilepsy subtypes: Association with focal versus generalized epilepsy and seizure control\u2014A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6152-2369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ozan","family":"D\u00f6rtkol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Istanbul Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Education and Research Hospital  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Institute of Graduate Studies Istanbul University\u2010Cerrahpasa  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0328-9607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arife \u00c7imen","family":"Atalar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Istanbul Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Education and Research Hospital  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4904-9994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esme","family":"Ekizo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Istanbul University  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3360-659X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bet\u00fcl","family":"Baykan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology EMAR Medical Center  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0352-702X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sibel K.","family":"Velio\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Neurology Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine  Trabzon T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(15)00225\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.44.11.2105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1276663"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194\u2010024\u201001719\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.43.12.2476"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2017.11.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.3.1065"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000452841"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2007.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072\u2010017\u20102902\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2009.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S132451"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528\u20101167.2007.01415.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12123"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2021.03.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468\u20102982.2005.00912.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17205"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2017.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643\u2010016\u20100384\u20104"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Classification and diagnostic criteria for headache disorders, cranial neuralgias and facial pain","volume":"8","author":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"The international classification of headache disorders: 2nd edition","volume":"24","author":"Headache Classification Subcommittee of the International Headache Society","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The international classification of headache disorders, 3rd edition","volume":"38","author":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS)","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","unstructured":"WellsGA SheaB O'ConnellD PetersonJ WelchV LososM et\u00a0al.The Newcastle\u2013Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta\u2010analyses. Available from:https:\/\/www.ohri.ca\/programs\/clinical_epidemiology\/oxford.asp"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.13405"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16496"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/epi4.12977"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001\u2010023\u201001023\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2022.109063"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194\u2010020\u20101084\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072\u2010018\u20103558\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2017.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2016.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194\u2010015\u20100556\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2013.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2013.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528\u20101167.2009.02477.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526\u20104610.2003.03111.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v036.i03"}],"container-title":["Epilepsia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/epi.70554","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/epi.70554","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/epi.70554","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T10:03:54Z","timestamp":1792663434000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/epi.70554"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/epi.70554"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/epi.70554","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9580","1528-1167"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9580","type":"print"},{"value":"1528-1167","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"epi.70554"}}