{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T18:01:00Z","timestamp":1788717660819,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]],"date-time":"2022-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with epilepsy have a high risk of accidents and injuries, resulting in minimized physical activity and social withdrawal. Therefore, we surveyed the prevalence and the types of injuries that patients with epilepsy may endure, and the factors that may increase the risk of injuries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cohort study, adult and pediatric patients diagnosed with epilepsy (age\u2009\u2265\u20097\u2009years) and a close family member (parents\/guardian) attending the outpatient epilepsy clinics at King Fahd Medical City (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) were interviewed by neurologists. They reviewed the patients' medical records and administered a structured questionnaire to identify and compare several variables, including injury frequency versus seizure type and seizure frequency, number of antiseizure medications used, medication compliance, and work and social limitations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Out of 200 patients, 86 (43%) sustained injuries during an attack of their habitual seizures. Almost half of this group showed a tendency for recurrent injuries. The most common traumas were soft tissue injury (36.5%), head injury (32%), dental injury (8.5%), burns (7%), dislocation (7%), fractures (6.5%), and submersion (2%). Two\u2010thirds of the patients had their injury at home. 64% of patients who had seizures for more than 10 years sustained multiple injuries (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .003). Injury frequency was higher among patients with daily or monthly seizures (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .03). 76% of patients who suffered injuries more than twice had generalised tonic\u2010clonic seizures, and genetic generalised epilepsy was encountered more in injured patients (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .02). Also, patients on polytherapy were more likely than those on monotherapy to have an injury (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .003).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two\u2010fifths of the patients reported seizure\u2010related injuries. The most common were soft\u2010tissue injuries and head traumas, while homes were the most frequent site. In addition, longer epilepsy duration, generalized tonic\u2010clonic seizures, and polytherapy were associated with a higher prevalence of injuries. Therefore, injury prevention strategies should be developed for PWE, especially for those at higher risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/epi4.12615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]],"date-time":"2022-05-27T13:24:44Z","timestamp":1653657884000},"page":"422-430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["<scp>Seizure\u2010related<\/scp> injuries in people with epilepsy: A cohort study from Saudi Arabia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4480-2705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Safiyyah","family":"Asiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Program, National Neuroscience Institution King Fahd Medical City  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Al\u2010Otaibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Program, National Neuroscience Institution King Fahd Medical City  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majed","family":"Al Hameed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Program, National Neuroscience Institution King Fahd Medical City  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahim","family":"Hamhom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Program, National Neuroscience Institution King Fahd Medical City  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2100-2916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asmaa","family":"Alenizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Program, National Neuroscience Institution King Fahd Medical City  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alaa","family":"Eskandrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Program, National Neuroscience Institution King Fahd Medical City  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Munirah","family":"AlKhrisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Program, National Neuroscience Institution King Fahd Medical City  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mubarak M.","family":"Aldosari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Program, National Neuroscience Institution King Fahd Medical City  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"PrilipkoL.Atlas: epilepsy care in the world 2005 2005[cited 2022 Mar 25]. Available from:https:\/\/www.who.int\/mental_health\/neurology\/Epilepsy_atlas_r1.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/seiz.2001.0602"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528\u20101167.2009.02481.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000110783"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2004.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2008.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199101033240105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"781","article-title":"Drowning deaths in people with epilepsy","volume":"148","author":"Ryan CA","year":"1993","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013\u20109580.2004.33903.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/ni.2009.e20"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14737175.9.2.291"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0911610"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000142991.14507.B5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2012.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1996.00550090141020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.296.6637.1659"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1982.03970450019004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528\u20101157.1997.tb01194.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528\u20101167.2010.02927.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.66.5.636"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528\u20101157.1998.tb01417.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.6.746"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528\u20101157.2000.tb00188.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000138590.00074.9A7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfcm.JFCM_177_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000210503.89488.88"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528\u20101157.2002.15801.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2006.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.3.625"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528\u20101157.1998.tb01189.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196512232732605"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6922.173"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6943.1537"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528\u20101157.2002.18701.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528\u20101157.1997.tb01733.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528\u20101157.1995.tb01660.x"}],"container-title":["Epilepsia Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/epi4.12615","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/epi4.12615","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/epi4.12615","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T09:06:55Z","timestamp":1692781615000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/epi4.12615"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/epi4.12615"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/epi4.12615","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-9239","2470-9239"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-9239","type":"print"},{"value":"2470-9239","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-01-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}