{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T21:43:26Z","timestamp":1764020606556,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,18]],"date-time":"2022-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was performed to identify coexisting structural lesions in patients with epilepsy and known temporal encephaloceles (TEs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010seven structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of patients with epilepsy and radiologically diagnosed TEs were retrospectively reviewed visually and using an automated postprocessing software, the Morphometric Analysis Program v2018 (MAP18), to depict additional subtle, potentially epileptogenic lesions in the 3D T1\u2010weighted MRI data. All imaging findings were evaluated in the context of clinical and electroencephalographical findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study population consisted of 47 epilepsy patients (38.3% female, n\u00a0=\u00a018). The median age at the time of the scan was 40\u2009years (range 12\u201381\u2009years). Twenty\u2010one out of 47 MRI scans (44.7%) showed coexisting lesions in the initial MRI evaluation; in 38.3% (n\u00a0=\u00a018) of patients, those lesions were considered probably epileptogenic. After postprocessing, probable epileptogenic lesions were identified in 53.2% (n\u00a0=\u00a025) of patients. Malformations of cortical development had initially been reported in 17.0% (n\u00a0=\u00a08) of patients with TEs, which increased to 38.3% (n\u00a0=\u00a018) after postprocessing. TEs and other epileptogenic lesions were considered equally epileptogenic in 21.3% (n\u00a0=\u00a010) of the cases in the initial MR reports and 25.5% (n\u00a0=\u00a012) of the cases after postprocessing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Temporal encephaloceles are a potential cause of MRI\u2010negative temporal lobe epilepsy. According to our data, TEs can occur with other lesions, suggesting that increased awareness is also required in patients with lesional epilepsy. TEs may not always be epileptogenic; hence, their occurrence with other structural pathologies may influence the presurgical evaluation and surgical approach. Finally, TEs can be associated with malformations of cortical development, which may indicate a common developmental etiology of those lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/epi4.12674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T10:27:24Z","timestamp":1669026444000},"page":"113-124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Temporal encephaloceles and coexisting epileptogenic lesions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2344-6323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panagiota\u2010Eleni","family":"Tsalouchidou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center Hessen, Department of Neurology Philipps University Marburg  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johann Philipp","family":"Zoellner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Center 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University Marburg  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Schulze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuroradiology Philipps University Marburg  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elke","family":"Hattingen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) Goethe University Frankfurt  Frankfurt Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology Goethe University  Frankfurt Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Chatzis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Philipps University Marburg  Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Freiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center Rostock  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