{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T09:41:23Z","timestamp":1788946883218,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,16]],"date-time":"2023-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009168","name":"Nepal Academy of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FY\u20102077\/78"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FY\u20102077\/78"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009168","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities especially non\u2010convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) have been found to be associated with worse outcomes in critically ill patients. We aimed to assess the prevalence of non\u2010convulsive seizures and electroencephalographic abnormalities in critically ill patients. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate any association between the type of EEG abnormality and outcomes including ICU mortality and successful ICU discharge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a cross\u2010sectional observational study carried out among critically ill patients in a mixed medical\u2010surgical ICU from January 1, 2018 to May 15, 2020. A total of 178 records of 30\u2009min bedside EEG records were found. EEG findings were grouped as normal, non\u2010convulsive seizures (NCS), non\u2010convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE), and other abnormalities. Descriptive analytical tools were used to characterize the case details in terms of the type of EEG abnormalities. Chi square test was used to describe the EEG abnormalities in terms of mortality. The status epilepticus severity scores (STESS) were further calculated for records with NCSE. These data were then analyzed for any association between STESS and mortality for cases with NCSE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of EEG abnormality in our cohort of all critically ill patients was found to be 7.3% (170\/2234). Among the patients with altered sensorium in whom EEG was done, 42.9% had non\u2010conclusive seizure activity with 25.2% in NCSE. Though the study was not adequately powered, there was a definite trend towards a lower proportion of successful ICU discharge rates seen among patients with higher STESS (&gt;2) with only 33.3% being discharged for patients with a STESS of 6 versus 92.9% for those with STESS 3.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>When combined with a strong clinical suspicion, even a 30\u2010min bedside <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EEG<\/jats:styled-content> can result in detection of EEG abnormalities including NCS and NCSE. Hence, EEG should be regularly included in the evaluation of critically ill patients with altered sensorium.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Plain Language Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities and seizures can have high prevalence in critically ill patients. These abnormalities notably, non\u2010convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) has been found to be associated with poor patient outcomes. This was a retrospective observational study analyzing 178 EEG records, from a mixed medical\u2010surgical ICU. The indication for obtaining an EEG was based solely on the clinical suspicion of the treating physician. The study found a high prevalence of EEG abnormalities in 96.5% in whom it was obtained with 42.9% having any seizure activity and 28.8% having NCSE. The study was not powered for detection of association of the EEG abnormalities with clinical outcomes. However, a definite trend towards decreased chances of successful discharge from the ICU was seen. This study used strong clinical suspicion in patients with altered sensorium to obtain an EEG. High detection rates of EEG abnormalities were recorded in this study. Hence, combination of clinical judgement and EEG can improve detection of EEG abnormalities and NCSE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/epi4.12876","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,5]],"date-time":"2023-12-05T01:49:14Z","timestamp":1701740954000},"page":"325-332","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Prevalence of non\u2010convulsive seizures and electroencephalographic abnormalities in critically ill patients\u2014A retrospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6218-9716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bipin","family":"Karki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Maharajgunj Medical Campus Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital  Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5890-0018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pramesh S.","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Maharajgunj Medical Campus Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital  Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9416-596X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ninadini","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Maharajgunj Medical Campus Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital  Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4105-2873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olita","family":"Shilpakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Maharajgunj Medical Campus Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital  Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1596-0496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subhash P.","family":"Acharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Maharajgunj Medical Campus Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital  Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7006-7820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashru","family":"Neupane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine Om Hospital and Research Center Pvt. 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