{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T02:19:25Z","timestamp":1789179565002,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Neuropsychology plays an important role in optimizing epilepsy management, but there are no practice guidelines for low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries with emerging services. The National Epilepsy Surgery Support Activity Network (NESSAN), a national working group that supports and optimizes epilepsy surgery programs in India, explored the present status of pre\u2010 and post epilepsy surgery neuropsychological assessment practices across India as an initial step in developing national evidence\u2010based test guidelines. An online survey was conducted using two questionnaires, one for neurologists and the second for neuropsychologists and speech\u2013language pathologists working in epilepsy surgery centers. The questions to neurologists covered the setting, description, and nature of the neuropsychology services provided for adults and children as part of the epilepsy surgery program, and their perceptions about the importance and indications for neuropsychological assessment in epilepsy surgery. The questions to neuropsychologists inquired about their qualifications and training, pre\u2010 and postsurgical assessment procedures, and domain\u2010specific cognitive tests and scales for mood, quality of life, and language evaluations. Forty\u2010three centers responded, and neuropsychology services were available at three fourth of the centers, but a dedicated full\u2010time neuropsychologist was available in only 16% of centers. Ninety percent of the neurologists considered neuropsychological evaluation an indispensable part of presurgical evaluation. However, only a few of them believed that the results influenced their decision about the extent of resection and ruling against surgery. The survey found considerable heterogeneity in terms of qualifications and training of neuropsychologists, evaluation procedures, test protocols, and normative data that will need to be harmonized to ensure uniform practice across the country. We believe that the results from this survey provide a road map for implementing measures to minimize existing inadequacies and harmonize neuropsychology services in India and as well as in other countries with emerging neuropsychology services.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Plain Language Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neuropsychological assessment is an integral part of the pre\u2010 and post epilepsy surgery evaluations. In India, the National Epilepsy Surgery Support Activity Network (NESSAN), a body of multidisciplinary professionals, conducted a survey to examine existing neuropsychology practices. The responses from 43 centers across the country revealed considerable heterogeneity in tests and few trained and qualified neuropsychologists. In low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries (LMIC) with emerging neuropsychology services, there is a need to have uniform test protocols, specialized training, and guidelines for optimizing neuropsychology services across all the epilepsy surgery centers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/epi4.13005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T13:05:34Z","timestamp":1721135134000},"page":"1670-1684","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A survey of the prevalence and patterns of neuropsychological assessment practices across epilepsy surgery centers in India: Toward establishing a national guideline"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9139-6471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Urvashi","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology King Edward Memorial Hospital  Mumbai Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5567-1715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaturbhuj","family":"Rathore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Zydus Hospital &amp; Smt. B. K. Shah Medical Institute and Research Center, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth  Vadodara Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9710-9752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kurupath","family":"Radhakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Avitis Institute of Medical Sciences  Nemmara Kerala India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4270-4538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neeraj","family":"Baheti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Central India Institute of Medical Sciences  Nagpur Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3770-5851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shweta","family":"Kadaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurosciences Sakra World Hospital  Bengaluru Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7383-7675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aparna","family":"Sahu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology King Edward Memorial Hospital  Mumbai Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0372-9572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suvarna","family":"Alladi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology National Institute of Mental Health and NeuroSciences  Bengaluru India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1515-8081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonal","family":"Chitnis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bajaj Allianz Epilepsy Center Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital  Pune Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3485-6681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annamma","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech Therapy Clinic  Trivandrum Kerala India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2858-5747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atma Ram","family":"Bansal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medanta Institute of Neuroscience, The Medicity  Gurugram India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3886-8385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jagarlapudi M. K.","family":"Murthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Care Hospitals  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the National Epilepsy Surgery Support Activity Network\u00a0(NESSAN)","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.48791"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"Epilepsy: a public health imperative. Geneva: World Health Organization2019. [cited 2023 Sep 17]. Available from:https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/epilepsy\u2010a\u2010public\u2010health\u2010imperative"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/cmi.cmi_6_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17185"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh449"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2015.01.005"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"S52","article-title":"Epidemiology of epilepsy surgery in India","volume":"65","author":"Rathore C","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2014.0720"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03022.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00810.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2022.108948"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2017.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16309"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13646"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2019.106522"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2021.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2011.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","volume-title":"Measuring intelligence of Indian children","author":"Kamat VV","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","volume-title":"Performance tests of intelligence under Indian conditions","author":"Bhatia CM","year":"1955"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","volume-title":"Indian adaptation of Binet Simon Scale","author":"Kulshreshtha SK","year":"1960"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","volume-title":"Manual for the Malin's Intelligence Scale for Indian Children (MISIC)","author":"Malin AJ","year":"1969"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"Adaptation and standardization of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Gujarati children","volume":"7","author":"Bhatt MC","year":"1972","journal-title":"Indian Educ Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","volume-title":"Wechsler Adult Performance Intelligence Scale","author":"Ramalingaswamy P","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","volume-title":"Verbal Adult Intelligence Scale","author":"Pershad D","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","unstructured":"WechslerD.Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children\u2010Fourth Edition (WISC IV) India. Pearson Clinical India. [cited 2023 Sep 17].https:\/\/pearsonclinical.in\/solutions\/wisc\u2010iv\u2010india\u2010complete\u2010kit\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","unstructured":"WechslerD.Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale\u2010Fourth Edition (WAIS IV) India. Pearson Clinical India. [cited 2023 Sep 17]. Available from:https:\/\/pearsonclinical.in\/solutions\/wais\u2010iv\u2010india\/"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"P.G.I. Memory Scale: a normative study on elderly subjects","volume":"4","author":"Pershad D","year":"1977","journal-title":"Indian J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","volume-title":"Wechsler Memory Scale","author":"Wechsler D","year":"1945"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","unstructured":"WechslerD.Wechsler Memory Scale 3rd. Edition (WMS III) India. Bangalore: Pearson Clinical India. [cited 2023 Sep 17].https:\/\/pearsonclinical.in\/solutions\/wms\u2010iii\u2010india\u2010complete\u2010kit\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","volume-title":"P.G.I. battery of brain dysfunction (PGIBBD)","author":"Pershad D","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","volume-title":"AIIMS comprehensive neuropsychological battery in hindi (adult form)","author":"Gupta S","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","volume-title":"NIMHANS neuropsychological battery manual","author":"Rao SL","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","volume-title":"Neuropsychological battery for children manual","author":"Kar BR","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13854046.2016.1197314"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acn.2004.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2013.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2015.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.95.1.29"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1996.tb00531.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13854049308401901"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2015.11.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","volume-title":"WAIS\u2010R: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale\u2013Revised","author":"Wechsler D","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","volume-title":"Standard progressive matrices for classes IV to IX of Delhi School","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","volume-title":"Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children","author":"Wechsler D","year":"1949"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","volume-title":"The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children","author":"Wechsler D","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","volume-title":"Colored progressive matrices","author":"Raven JC","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","first-page":"117","article-title":"AIISH norms on Seguin form board with indian children","volume":"2","author":"Bharatraj J","year":"1971","journal-title":"J India Inst Speech Hearing"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","volume-title":"Seguin form board test","author":"Seguin","year":"1856"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","volume-title":"Benton visual retention test","author":"Sivan AB","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23279095.2024.2343009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","volume-title":"Bender visual\u2010motor gestalt test \u2013 (BGT\u2010II)","author":"Brannigan GG","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","volume-title":"Millon clinical multiaxial inventory\u2010IV","author":"Millon T","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","volume-title":"Millon clinical multiaxial inventory\u2010III","author":"Millon T","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.1940.9917000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","volume-title":"Sixteen personality factor questionnaire","author":"Cattell RB","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","volume-title":"The temperament and character inventory (TCI)","author":"Cloninger RC","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511663215"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8341.1959.tb00467.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","first-page":"995","article-title":"The children's depression inventory (CDI)","volume":"21","author":"Kovacs M","year":"1985","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2012.12.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1996.tb00612.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(95)00112-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-200108000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(67)80070-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","volume-title":"Indian adaptation of the Vineland Social Maturity Scale","author":"Malin AJ","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","volume-title":"Battelle developmental inventory","author":"Newborg J","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","volume-title":"Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale","author":"Sparrow SS","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["Epilepsia Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/epi4.13005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T10:27:46Z","timestamp":1741775266000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/epi4.13005"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/epi4.13005"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/epi4.13005","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-9239","2470-9239"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-9239","type":"print"},{"value":"2470-9239","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}