{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:42:19Z","timestamp":1786977739312,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001068","name":"Dana Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001068","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["36867"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["36867"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NS43209"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS43209"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia Open"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The multicenter FEBSTAT study (Consequences of Prolonged Febrile Seizures in Childhood:\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/grantome.com\/grant\/NIH\/R37-NS043209-12\">https:\/\/grantome.com\/grant\/NIH\/R37\u2010NS043209\u201012<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ; PI S. Shinnar) examined the outcome of febrile status epilepticus (FSE) in over 200 prospectively enrolled infants, with many followed for 10\u2009years after FSE. Initial magnetic resonance images (MRIs), done within days after FSE, showed a unilateral hyperintense hippocampal T2 signal in 10% of subjects. Post\u2010ictal EEGs showed focal slowing maximal in the temporal region in 24% and focal attenuation in 13% of all subjects. There was a significant association between focal slowing and\/or attenuation and hippocampal T2 hyperintensity, indicating that a normal EEG would strongly argue against hippocampal injury. Measurements of hippocampal volume and apparent diffusion constants indicated that the T2 changes were acute, and follow\u2010up MRIs at 1, 5, and 10\u2009years post\u2010FSE showed marked hippocampal volume loss by 1\u2009year, sustained through 10\u2009years, evolving into radiological hippocampal sclerosis in 70%. Infants whose acute MRIs did not show T2 hyperintensity did not develop sclerosis. Ten\u2010year cumulative incidence of epilepsy was 30% for the entire FEBSTAT cohort, but was 71% among those with acute hippocampal T2 hyperintensity and 23% among those with a completely normal acute MRI. Medial temporal lobe epilepsy 10\u2009year cumulative incidence was 4% of the entire cohort, with 39% cumulative incidence in those with acute hippocampal T2 hyperintensity, and did not occur in subjects with normal MRIs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Plain Language Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fever occasionally causes prolonged seizures in infants lasting 30\u2009min or longer. This study demonstrates that in about 10% of these cases, the long seizures can cause injury to the hippocampus, a brain structure in the temporal lobe. The injury is visible on magnetic resonance images (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRIs<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) of the brain. Years later, infants with this hippocampal injury are at high risk of developing a form of epilepsy called temporal lobe epilepsy, whereas infants with normal\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRIs<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      after the long seizures have very little risk of temporal lobe epilepsy; nevertheless, they do have a lower risk of other forms of epilepsy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/epi4.70113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T06:29:21Z","timestamp":1754548161000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Febrile status epilepticus and epileptogenesis: The\n                    <scp>FEBSTAT<\/scp>\n                    study"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2917-7822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darrell V.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (Neurology) Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3995-5467","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Douglas R.","family":"Nordli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (Child Neurology), Comer Children's Hospital University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Douglas R.","family":"Nordli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (Child Neurology), Comer Children's Hospital University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shlomo","family":"Shinnar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isabelle Rapin Division of Child Neurology, Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology and Department of Pediatrics Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine  Bronx New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Harlem Hospital Center Columbia University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline A.","family":"Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine  Bronx New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. Matthew","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters and Eastern Virginia Medical School  Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Voyvodic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Gallentine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University Lucile Packard Children's Hospital  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syndi","family":"Seinfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Epilepsy Program Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital  Hollywood Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshimi","family":"Sogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0726-7547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erica","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine  Bronx New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Masur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine  Bronx New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (Neurology) Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9427-9476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solomon L.","family":"Mosh\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isabelle Rapin Division of Child Neurology, Saul R. Korey Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Pediatrics Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and Montefiore Medical Center  Bronx New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_17_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.17.4.276","article-title":"Pathological findings in temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"17","author":"Meyer A","year":"1954","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)90956-8","article-title":"Mesial temporal (Ammon's horn) sclerosis as a common cause of epilepsy. Aetiology, treatment, and prevention","volume":"2","author":"Falconer MA","year":"1974","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_4_1","volume-title":"Biological factors in temporal lobe epilepsy. 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