{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T21:29:17Z","timestamp":1787693357170,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,20]],"date-time":"2013-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Euro Eating Disorders Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to assess olfactory\u2013gustatory function impairment in patients with eating disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nineteen patients with a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa, 18 patients with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa and a control sample of 19 healthy subjects were recruited from the day hospital service of the Complex Operative Unit for Alimentary Conduct Disorders of the Policlinico Umberto I in Rome. Evaluation of olfactory and gustatory functions was performed on patients through the \u2018Sniffin' Sticks\u2019 method in order to assess the olfactory threshold, the capacity for discriminating and identifying olfactory stimuli, and the overall olfactory function, and through the \u2018taste strip\u2019 kit method in order to assess the gustatory function. The results were processed statistically to assess differences between patients with anorexia nervosa, patients with bulimia nervosa and healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The two groups of patients with bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa showed a poorer olfactory and gustatory function compared with the healthy controls; discrimination of olfactory stimuli and overall olfactory function were reduced in both samples, as well as the overall gustatory function and the perception of bitter stimuli, whereas olfactory threshold was altered only in patients with bulimia nervosa. In both samples, scores for olfactory function fell within the range of hyposmia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our data suggest that patients with eating disorders have an altered perception of olfactory and gustatory stimuli. The alterations observed are worth further investigation. Copyright \u00a9 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,20]],"date-time":"2013-06-20T10:16:41Z","timestamp":1371723401000},"page":"382-385","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Alterations of the Olfactory\u2013Gustatory Functions in Patients with Eating Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Federico","family":"Dazzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Marconi University  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena De","family":"Nitto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Psychiatry Sapienza University of Rome  Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giampietro","family":"Zambetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sensory Organs Sapienza University of Rome  Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camillo","family":"Loriedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Psychiatry Sapienza University of Rome  Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Ciofalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sensory Organs Sapienza University of Rome  Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2008.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/33.8.1801"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198402000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/46.3.442"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0195-6663(88)90063-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(94)90331-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-197810000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-966228"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/22.1.39"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004050050223"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of gustatory function in a clinical context using impregnated \u201ctaste strips\u201d","volume":"41","author":"Mueller C.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-108X(198703)6:2<257::AID-EAT2260060209>3.0.CO;2-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(95)02105-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.99.1.32"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-004-0525-y"}],"container-title":["European Eating Disorders Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Ferv.2238","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/erv.2238","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T02:09:00Z","timestamp":1700618940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/erv.2238"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,20]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/erv.2238"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/erv.2238","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1072-4133","1099-0968"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1072-4133","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0968","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,20]]}}}