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Although thought to be associated with a lower incidence of post\u2010operative side effects than malabsorpitive surgery, some cases of micronutrients deficiency have been reported because of an acquired thiamine deficiency; in this clinical setting, some cases of Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) have been described. Major determinants and predictors of this major neurological complication are currently unknown. The aim of this systematic review was to analyse literature data in order to address this issue. The main result of our systematic review was that persistent vomiting is the major determinant of WE in patients undergoing restrictive weight loss surgery. In addition, early thiamine supplementation can rapidly improve the clinical conditions, avoiding permanent deficiencies. On the other hand, given the wide variability of clinical and demographic characteristics, definite prognostic factors of WE occurrence and of clinical outcome cannot be identified. In conclusion, although our results are suggestive, further <jats:italic>ad hoc<\/jats:italic> prospective studies evaluating changes in micronutrients levels according to different types of surgery are needed. Copyright \u00a9 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,25]],"date-time":"2014-04-25T04:55:14Z","timestamp":1398401714000},"page":"223-229","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Wernicke Encephalopathy in Subjects Undergoing Restrictive Weight Loss Surgery: A Systematic Review of Literature Data"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Marco","family":"Milone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences \u2018Federico II\u2019 University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matteo Nicola Dario","family":"Di Minno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Regional Reference Centre for Coagulation Disorders \u2018Federico II\u2019 University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Lupoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit \u2018Federico II\u2019 University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Maietta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences \u2018Federico II\u2019 University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Bianco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences \u2018Federico II\u2019 University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Pisapia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences \u2018Federico II\u2019 University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Gaudioso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences \u2018Federico II\u2019 University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Taffuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences \u2018Federico II\u2019 University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Milone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences \u2018Federico II\u2019 University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Musella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences \u2018Federico II\u2019 University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181884308"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"297","article-title":"Consensus conference on surgery for severe obesity","volume":"1","author":"ASBS","year":"2004","journal-title":"Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2011.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1381\/096089200321643610"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","volume-title":"Obesity: The prevention, identification, assessment and management of overweight and obesity in adults and children","author":"Centre for Public Health Excellence at NICE (UK); 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