{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T14:45:15Z","timestamp":1761489915027},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,3]],"date-time":"2016-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Euro Eating Disorders Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>There have been few studies investigating the risk factors for bulimia nervosa (BN), and most have been in Anglo\u2010Saxon countries. This study aimed to (i) replicate the uncontested retrospective correlates for BN and clarify the role of factors with inconsistent findings and (ii) evaluate the strength of these factors in a different culture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A case\u2013control design was used to compare 60 women who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria for BN to 60 healthy controls and 60 participants with other psychiatric disorders. Retrospective correlates were assessed by interviewing each person with the Oxford Risk Factor Interview.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The primary retrospective correlates identified from the comparison of BN participants to healthy controls were general high maternal expectations, negative attitudes about parental weight and obesity in childhood and adolescence. Compared with participants with other psychiatric disorders, those with BN also reported higher rates of childhood obesity, deliberate self\u2010harm, family conflicts, general high maternal expectations and feeling fat in childhood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The common findings across cultures suggest that, at least, individuals subjectively experience a number of similar factors that increase risk for developing BN. In addition, the difference regarding self\u2010harm is notable. Copyright \u00a9 2016 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,3]],"date-time":"2016-02-03T15:37:59Z","timestamp":1454513879000},"page":"197-205","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Retrospective Correlates for Bulimia Nervosa: A Matched Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"S\u00f3nia","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychotherapy and Psychopathology Research Unit \u2013 CIPsi, School of Psychology University of Minho  Braga Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara C.","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Studies in Human Development, Faculty of Education and Psychology Catholic University of Portugal  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychotherapy and Psychopathology Research Unit \u2013 CIPsi, School of Psychology University of Minho  Braga Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans W.","family":"Hoek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parnassia Psychiatric Institute  The Hague the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Columbia University  New York NY USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulo P. 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