{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T21:35:40Z","timestamp":1792272940621,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]],"date-time":"2020-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro Eating Disorders Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review assesses the average duration of untreated eating disorder (DUED) in help\u2010seeking populations at the time of first eating disorder (ED) treatment and investigates the relationship between DUED and symptom severity\/clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PRISMA guidelines were followed throughout. Selected studies provided information on either: (i) length of DUED, (ii) components of DUED, (iii) cross\u2010sectional associations between DUED and symptom severity, (iv) associations between DUED and clinical outcomes, or (v) experimental manipulation of DUED. Study quality was assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fourteen studies from seven countries were included. Across studies, average DUED weighted by sample size was 29.9 months for anorexia nervosa, 53.0 months for bulimia nervosa and 67.4 months for binge eating disorder. A younger age at time of first treatment was indicative of shorter DUED. Retrospective studies suggest that a shorter DUED may be related to a greater likelihood of remission. Manipulation of DUED by shortening service\u2010related delays may improve clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data on length of DUED provide a benchmark for early intervention in EDs. Preliminary evidence suggests DUED may be a modifiable factor influencing outcomes in EDs. To accurately determine the role of DUED, definition and measurement must be uniformly operationalised.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"box\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:caption>\n                          <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                        <\/jats:caption>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                            <jats:list-item>\n                              <jats:p>This systematic review is the first to examine duration of untreated eating disorder (DUED) across different eating disorders. Definitions and measurement of DUED and its components vary considerably between studies.<\/jats:p>\n                            <\/jats:list-item>\n                            <jats:list-item>\n                              <jats:p>Across different eating disorders average DUED weighted by sample size ranges from approximately two and a half years (for anorexia nervosa) to nearly 6\u2009years (for binge eating disorder).<\/jats:p>\n                            <\/jats:list-item>\n                            <jats:list-item>\n                              <jats:p>DUED appears to be related to age such that younger patients have shorter DUED.<\/jats:p>\n                            <\/jats:list-item>\n                          <\/jats:list>\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2745","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]],"date-time":"2020-06-23T20:14:58Z","timestamp":1592943298000},"page":"329-345","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":294,"title":["Duration of untreated eating disorder and relationship to outcomes: A systematic review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4979-4847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amelia","family":"Austin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Eating Disorder Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0208-1492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michaela","family":"Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Eating Disorder Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Eating Disorder Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Hodsoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiago Antunes","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Lisboa Norte, EPE  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medicine University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beat  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1335-1937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulrike","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Eating Disorder Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.1025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12941"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23246"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Long\u2010term outcome and psychiatric comorbidity of adolescent\u2010onset anorexia nervosa","volume":"135910451982762","author":"Andr\u00e9s\u2010Pepi\u00f1\u00e1 S.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2018.18101125"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-016-0935-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","volume-title":"Delaying for years, denied for months","author":"Beat","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.162.1.72"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.112.125500"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12382"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.152.4.487"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-013-0376-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2018.0623"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(18)30292-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.2150"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","unstructured":"Department of Health. (2014). Achieving better access to mental health services by 2020. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/mental-health-services-achieving-better-access-by-2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2015.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-016-1129-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.08040608"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","unstructured":"Flynn M. Austin A. Allen K. Grant N. Mountford V. Glennon D. \u2026 &Schmidt U.(2020).Does introduction of a novel early intervention service reduce duration of untreated eating disorder in emerging adults with first episode illness?Manuscript in preparation."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12881"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbp.2012.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-014-0300-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1463423617000524"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62411-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2540"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.9464"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-019-00694-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2015.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-017-0155-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2579"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ebmental-2018-300060"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2018.0621"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-002646"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2012.33"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","unstructured":"National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health. (2015).Access and waiting time standard for children and young people with an eating disorder. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/cyp-eating-disorders-access-waiting-time-standard-comm-guid.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","volume-title":"Adult eating disorders: Community, inpatient and intensive day patient care","author":"National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","article-title":"Eating disorders: Recognition and treatment","volume":"69","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence","year":"2017","journal-title":"NICE Guideline NG"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2300"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2017042"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","unstructured":"NHS England. (2019).Children and young people with an eating disorder waiting times. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/statistics\/statistical-work-areas\/cyped-waiting-times\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.081356"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2015.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbx166"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.113.127753"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118557174.ch22","volume-title":"Early intervention in psychiatry: EI of nearly everything for better mental health","author":"Pinhas L.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.1049"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","first-page":"342","article-title":"Pathways to care and duration of untreated illness of inpatients with anorexia and bulimia nervosa","volume":"46","author":"Schlegl S.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatrische Praxis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)00081-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22519"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2007.164.4.591"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291796004369"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-108X(199701)21:1<1::AID-EAT1>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-015-0075-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-016-0106-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.8.1284"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.12.2.123"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12676"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12170"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2669"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10389-014-0642-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","volume-title":"The ICD\u201010 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1992"}],"container-title":["European Eating Disorders Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Ferv.2745","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/erv.2745","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/erv.2745","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/erv.2745","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T09:20:21Z","timestamp":1693560021000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/erv.2745"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/erv.2745"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/erv.2745","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1072-4133","1099-0968"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1072-4133","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0968","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-08-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-04-30","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}