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The aim of this study was to investigate the alterations of ghrelin levels in patients with EDs, their associations with early trauma, binge and emotional eating, and possible moderation\/mediation models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010four patients with EDs and 42 healthy controls (HCs) had their plasma ghrelin levels measured and completed questionnaires evaluating general and ED\u2010specific psychopathology, emotional eating, and childhood traumatic experiences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants with anorexia nervosa had higher ghrelin levels than HCs in body mass index (BMI)\u2010adjusted comparisons. Moreover, patients reporting a history of childhood trauma had higher ghrelin levels. Childhood sexual abuse (CSA), BMI, and self\u2010induced vomiting were independent predictors of ghrelin levels. Moderation analyses showed that ghrelin levels were associated with binge and emotional eating only for higher levels of childhood trauma. Elevated ghrelin was a significant mediator for the association of CSA with binge eating.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results support the hypothesis that chronic alterations in ghrelin levels following childhood traumatic experiences could represent a neurobiological maintaining factor of pathological overeating behaviors in EDs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]],"date-time":"2021-05-03T16:57:04Z","timestamp":1620061024000},"page":"588-599","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Ghrelin as a possible biomarker and maintaining factor in patients with eating disorders reporting childhood traumatic 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