{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T16:47:57Z","timestamp":1785775677374,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro Eating Disorders Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous research has shown that the COVID\u201019 pandemic worsened eating\u2010disorder (ED) symptoms, but most studies have focused on inpatients and compared only two periods: pre\u2010COVID and the period following the pandemic's onset. Outpatient populations, particularly those with binge eating disorder (BED) and other specified feeding or eating disorders (OSFED), have been underrepresented. It remains unclear whether the pandemic influenced the clinical presentation at ED onset. This study aimed to examine differences in general and eating\u2010disorder\u2013related psychopathology at first presentation among outpatients with all ED diagnoses before, during, and after the COVID\u201019 lockdown in Italy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed clinical records and assessment data from 400 patients seeking treatment for the first time at a specialised outpatient ED service. Patients were grouped into three periods: pre\u2010lockdown (01.01.2019\u201310.06.2020), lockdown (11.06.2020\u201330.09.2021), and post\u2010lockdown (01.10.2021\u201331.12.2022). These periods were defined to capture the effects of the lockdown while considering the DSM\u20105 requirement that symptoms persist for at least 3\u00a0months to establish a diagnosis. Multivariate analyzes of variance were used to evaluate the effects of period, diagnosis, and their interaction on sociodemographic characteristics, eating\u2010disorder specific symptoms, and general psychopathology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant differences were observed across diagnoses, including BED and OSFED. During the lockdown, patients exhibited greater concerns regarding dietary restriction, binge eating, and body, weight and shape across diagnostic groups compared with pre\u2010lockdown. The post\u2010lockdown period was associated with a younger age at ED onset and earlier initiation of dieting behaviours.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>By distinguishing pre\u2010lockdown, lockdown, and post\u2010lockdown phases and accounting for the DSM\u20105 diagnostic timeline, this study extends prior research beyond the conventional pre\/post pandemic comparison. The COVID\u201019 lockdown was linked to more severe eating\u2010disorder specific and anxiety\u2010related symptoms at illness onset in outpatients across diagnoses, while the post\u2010lockdown period was marked by earlier onset and increased disorder\u2010specific concerns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.70123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:50:16Z","timestamp":1777395016000},"page":"1336-1350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of COVID\u201019 Lockdown on Psychopathology at the Onset of Eating Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5521-6552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elvira Anna","family":"Carbone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro  Catanzaro Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2705-5453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristiano","family":"Dani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Geraci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro  Catanzaro Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Romeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro  Catanzaro Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0401-8801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Jim\u00e9nez\u2010Peinado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC)  C\u00f3rdoba Spain"},{"name":"Reina Sofia University Hospital  C\u00f3rdoba Spain"},{"name":"Department of Morphological and Sociosanitary Science University of Cordoba  C\u00f3rdoba Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7742-7086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianna","family":"Rania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Unit University Hospital Renato Dulbecco  Catanzaro Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Lodovici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9713-3273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina Zofia","family":"Cordasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3623-7096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuele","family":"Cassioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4755-3879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleonora","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9931-5621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Livio","family":"Tarchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of Florence  Florence 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