{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T15:28:36Z","timestamp":1791127716091,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]],"date-time":"2013-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,19]],"date-time":"2013-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1387411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":94,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Pesticides Science Fund of Environment Canada"},{"name":"Pesticides Science Fund of Environment Canada"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>\u2003<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Turtles frequently oviposit in soils associated with agriculture and, thus, may be exposed to pesticides or fertilizers. The toxicity of a pesticide regime that is used for potato production in Ontario on the survivorship of snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) eggs was evaluated. The following treatments were applied to clean soil: 1) a mixture of the pesticides chlorothalonil, S-metolachlor, metribuzin, and chlorpyrifos, and 2) the soil fumigant metam sodium. Turtle eggs were incubated in soil in outdoor plots in which these mixtures were applied at typical and higher field application rates, where the eggs were subject to ambient temperature and weather conditions. The pesticide mixture consisting of chlorothalonil, S-metolachlor, metribuzin, and chlorpyrifos did not affect survivorship, deformities, or body size at applications up to 10 times the typical field application rates. Hatching success ranged between 87% and 100% for these treatments. Metam sodium was applied at 0.1\u00af times, 0.3\u00af times, 1 times, and 3 times field application rates. Eggs exposed to any application of metam sodium had 100% mortality. At typical field application rates, the chemical regime associated with potato production does not appear to have any detrimental impacts on turtle egg development, except for the use of the soil fumigant metam sodium, which is highly toxic to turtle eggs at the lowest recommended application rate. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:102\u2013106. \u00a9 2013 SETAC<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.2393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]],"date-time":"2013-10-08T14:02:23Z","timestamp":1381240943000},"page":"102-106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Toxicity of pesticides associated with potato production, including soil fumigants, to snapping turtle eggs (<i>C<\/i>\n                  <i>helydra Serpentina<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Shane Raymond","family":"de Solla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife and Landscape Science DirectorateEnvironment Canada Burlington Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberley Elizabeth","family":"Palonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife and Landscape Science DirectorateEnvironment Canada Burlington Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela Anne","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife and Landscape Science DirectorateEnvironment Canada Burlington Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1159\/000147854","article-title":"Ultrastructure and characteristics of eggshells of the olive ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) from Gahirmatha, India","volume":"156","author":"Sahoo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Anatomica"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.06.080","article-title":"Absorption of current use pesticides by snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) eggs in treated soil","volume":"85","author":"de Solla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2011.06.046","article-title":"Toxicity of pesticide and fertilizer mixtures simulating corn production to eggs of snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina)","volume":"409","author":"de Solla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2003.07.003","article-title":"Effects of landscape composition, habitat features, and nest distribution on predation rates of simulated turtle nests","volume":"117","author":"Marchand","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol Conserv"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.1897\/06-500R1.1","article-title":"Toxicity of nitrogenous fertilizers to eggs of snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina) in field and laboratory exposures","volume":"26","author":"de Solla","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2011.01.001","article-title":"Agricultural practices alter sex ratios in a reptile with environmental sex determination","volume":"144","author":"Freedberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol Conserv"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0007","author":"McGee","year":"2010"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0008","author":"Banks","year":"2007"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2007.09.017","article-title":"Snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina) as bioindicators in Canadian areas of concern in the Great Lakes basin. II. Changes in hatching success and hatchling deformities in relation to persistent organic pollutants","volume":"153","author":"de Solla","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0010","first-page":"39","article-title":"Reproduction and nesting ecology of snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina) in southeastern Michigan","volume":"43","author":"Congdon","year":"1987","journal-title":"Herpetologica"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19980430)17:8<857::AID-SIM777>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Two-sided confidence intervals for the single proportion: Comparison of seven methods","volume":"17","author":"Newcombe","year":"1998","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1673\/031.003.3401","article-title":"Overlapping confidence intervals or standard error intervals: What do they mean in terms of statistical significance","volume":"3","author":"Payton","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Insect Sci"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(59)90143-7","article-title":"The subacute toxicity of four organic phosphates to dogs","volume":"1","author":"Williams","year":"1959","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfh202","article-title":"Developmental toxicity of the dithiocarbamate pesticide sodium metam in zebrafish","volume":"81","author":"Haendel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.2780050405","article-title":"Conversion of metam-sodium to methyl isothiocyanate and basic data on the behavior of methyl isothiocyanate in soil","volume":"5","author":"Smelt","year":"1974","journal-title":"Pestic Sci"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0016","volume-title":"The Pesticide Manual","author":"Tomlin","year":"1997"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1080\/109374001300339818","article-title":"Toxicology of metam sodium","volume":"4","author":"Pruett","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Toxicol Env Heal B"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01622118","article-title":"Acute toxicity of priority pollutants to bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus)","volume":"26","author":"Buccafusco","year":"1981","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0019","author":"US Department of Agriculture Forest Service","year":"1986"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1897\/06-594R.1","article-title":"Influence of feeding ecology on blood mercury concentrations in four species of turtles","volume":"26","author":"Bergeron","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2004.06.014","article-title":"Differential swimming performance of two natracine snakes exposed to a cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticide","volume":"133","author":"Hopkins","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1021\/es9800737","article-title":"Maternal transfer and in ovo exposure of organochlorines in oviparous organisms: A model and field verification","volume":"33","author":"Russell","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0023","author":"Gianessi","year":"2006"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0024","author":"Gianessi","year":"2006"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0025","author":"Statistics Canada","year":"2012"},{"key":"2025010315344400800_etc2393-bib-0026","first-page":"3","article-title":"Soil fumigation for tobacco. Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","volume":"11","author":"Filotas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hort Matters"}],"container-title":["Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fetc.2393","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/etc\/article-pdf\/33\/1\/102\/60109664\/etc2393.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/etc\/article-pdf\/33\/1\/102\/60109664\/etc2393.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T16:01:46Z","timestamp":1735920106000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/etc\/article\/33\/1\/102\/7761087"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/etc.2393","relation":{},"ISSN":["0730-7268","1552-8618"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0730-7268","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-8618","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-06-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-09-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-12-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}