{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:54:53Z","timestamp":1791489293635,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,20]],"date-time":"2014-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1400544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":49,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["24360213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24360213"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010231","name":"Steel Foundation for Environmental Protection Technology (SEPT), Japan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010231","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research","award":["24360213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24360213"]}]},{"name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010231","name":"Steel Foundation for Environmental Protection Technology (SEPT), Japan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010231","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\u2003<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The benthic ostracod Heterocypris incongruens is becoming an important tool for the ecotoxicological assessment of contaminated sediments. However, no study has yet explored solid-phase (dietary) exposure to ostracod. The present study examined the effects of metals on H. incongruens through aquatic and dietary exposures. The algal food Chlorella vulgaris was exposed to different concentrations of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn), and subcellular distributions of these metals in algal cells were determined. Parallel experiments were also performed to determine the toxic effects of dissolved metals on ostracod through aqueous exposure. Significant toxic effects on mortality were observed when ostracod were fed with Cd-contaminated (47\u2013100%) and Cu-contaminated algae (55\u2013100%). With increasing accumulated Zn in the algal cell, ostracod mortality also increased (20\u201383%). Aquatic exposure of ostracod to different concentrations of dissolved Cd (3.2\u2013339\u2009\u00b5g Cd\/L) and Cu (260\u20132600\u2009\u00b5g Cu\/L) resulted in high observed mortalities (57\u2013100% and 95\u2013100%, respectively). Based on the results of aqueous and dietary exposure tests, it can be concluded that both exposure routes are important in evaluating the toxic effect of Cd on ostracod. Similar results were observed in tests using other metals (i.e., using Cu and Zn), thus emphasizing the importance of considering not only aquatic but also dietary exposure routes when evaluating metal toxicity to ostracod. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:1624\u20131630. \u00a9 2014 SETAC<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.2596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T08:57:39Z","timestamp":1396342659000},"page":"1624-1630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Comparison of aquatic and dietary exposure of heavy metals Cd, Cu, and Zn to benthic ostracod\n                    <i>Heterocypris incongruens<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Janice Beltran","family":"Sevilla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urban EngineeringThe University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumiyuki","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urban EngineeringThe University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ikuro","family":"Kasuga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urban EngineeringThe University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025010315413227300_etc2596-bib-0001","author":"International Organization for Standardization","year":"2012"},{"key":"2025010315413227300_etc2596-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.10135","article-title":"Cyst-based toxicity tests XV\u2014Application of ostracod solid-phase microbiotest for toxicity monitoring of contaminated soils","volume":"18","author":"Chial","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol"},{"key":"2025010315413227300_etc2596-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.07.038","article-title":"Acute toxicity of metals and reference 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