{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T18:06:46Z","timestamp":1791137206862,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]],"date-time":"2019-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,27]],"date-time":"2019-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":109,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>2,2\u2032,3,5\u2032,6-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB-95) is an environmental neurotoxicant. There is accumulated evidence that some neurotoxic effects of PCB-95 are caused by increased spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations in neurons resulting from modifying ryanodine receptors (RyR) in calcium-releasing channels. However, there are large gaps in explaining brain and other developmental malformations on embryonic PCB-95 exposure. In the present study, we address those deficiencies by studying the toxic effects of PCB-95 using zebrafish as an ontogenetic model. To characterize these effects, zebrafish embryos with intact chorions were exposed to 4 different concentrations of PCB-95 (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1\u2009ppm) for 3 consecutive days. The controls were maintained in 0.5\u2009\u00d7\u2009E2 medium or egg water and in 0.1% (v\/v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)\/0.5\u2009\u00d7\u2009E2 medium or egg water. PCB-95-treated groups showed dose-dependent decreases in survival and hatching rates, with increased rates of developmental malformations when compared to controls. These include morphological malformations, brain cell necrosis, and smaller eye sizes at 5 d post fertilization. These data suggest potential mechanisms underlying the abnormal behavior observed in a visual stimulus assay. The present study provides insight into PCB-95-induced developmental toxicity and supports the use of the zebrafish model in understanding the effects of PCB-95 exposure. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;39:162\u2013170. \u00a9 2019 SETAC<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.4587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]],"date-time":"2019-09-09T22:52:33Z","timestamp":1568069553000},"page":"162-170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Embryonic Exposure to 2,2\u2032,3,5\u2032,6-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB-95) Causes Developmental Malformations in Zebrafish"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Prabha","family":"Ranasinghe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences Clemson University Clemson South Carolina USA"},{"name":"Environmental Toxicology Program Clemson University Clemson South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Thorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renee","family":"Seto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robbert","family":"Creton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William C.","family":"Bridges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematical Sciences Clemson University Clemson South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan C.","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Clemson University Clemson South Carolina 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