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We identified 6 herbicides and 1 fungicide commonly found in Swedish streams at relatively high concentrations and created 3 ternary mixtures that were tested in concentration series ranging from observed environmental concentrations to up to 100 times higher. Biofilms were exposed to these pesticide mixtures for 8\u2009d and then allowed to recover for another 12\u2009d. Our results show a rapid and consistent inhibition of photosynthesis after just 24-h exposure to the highest test concentration of pesticides, as well as in some treatments with lower concentrations (i.e., 10 times the environmental level), on exposure. Interestingly, the observed effects were reversible because biofilm photosynthesis recovered rapidly and completely in clean media in all but one treatment. In contrast to the functional response, no effects were observed on the algal assemblage structure, as assessed by diagnostic pigments. We conclude that the pesticide mixtures induce a rapid but reversible inhibition of photosynthesis, without short-term effects on biofilm structure. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1367\u20131374. \u00a9 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.4722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]],"date-time":"2020-04-10T03:54:43Z","timestamp":1586490883000},"page":"1367-1374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Pesticide Mixtures Cause Short-Term, Reversible Effects on the Function of Autotrophic Periphyton Assemblages"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8478-0144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Alexandra","family":"Bighiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steffi","family":"Gottschalk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquatic Sciences and 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