{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T08:14:04Z","timestamp":1793088844891,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]],"date-time":"2020-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":86,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Shoreline spiders have been proposed as sentinels to monitor aquatic contaminants including methylmercury (MeHg). The present study examined the effect of spider body size on MeHg concentrations in shoreline spiders. We collected 6 taxa of spiders belonging to 4 families (orb-weavers [Araneidae], long-jawed orb weavers [Tetragnathidae: Tetragnatha sp.], jumping spiders [Salticidae], and wolf spiders [Lycosidae: Pardosa sp., Rabidosa sp., and Schizocosa sp.]) from the shorelines of 14 human-made ponds at the Lyndon B. Johnson National Grasslands in north Texas (USA). As a proxy for body size, we measured leg length (tibia\u2009+\u2009patella) of each spider. Spider taxa differed by 3-fold in mean MeHg concentration, and MeHg concentrations in 4 of 6 spider taxa increased significantly with leg length. The present study is the first to demonstrate that shoreline spider MeHg concentrations increase as a function of spider body size. Because spider size may account for some within-taxa variation in MeHg concentrations, future studies that utilize spiders as sentinels of aquatic contamination by MeHg or other biomagnifying contaminants should take spider size into account. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1149\u20131154. \u00a9 2020 SETAC.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Abstract<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>In the present study, we demonstrate that concentrations of methylmercury (MeHg) increase as a function of spider body size.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.4964","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]],"date-time":"2020-12-15T02:05:15Z","timestamp":1607997915000},"page":"1149-1154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effect of Body Size on Methylmercury Concentrations in Shoreline Spiders: Implications for Their Use as Sentinels"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6729-0098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madeline P.","family":"Hannappel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Texas Christian University Fort Worth Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7160-3157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew M.","family":"Chumchal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Texas Christian University Fort Worth Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ray W.","family":"Drenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Texas Christian University Fort Worth Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James H.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences University of North Texas Denton Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin D.","family":"Barst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Water and Environmental Research Center, Institute of Northern Engineering University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Margaret","family":"Castellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey R.","family":"Nolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Texas Christian University Fort Worth Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. Manton","family":"Willoughby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Texas Christian University Fort Worth Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lexton P.","family":"Trauffler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Texas Christian University Fort Worth Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0001","first-page":"49","article-title":"Limit of blank, limit of detection and limit of quantification","volume":"29","author":"Ambruster","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Biochem Rev"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1890\/14-0038.1","article-title":"Taking the trophic bypass: Aquatic-terrestrial linkage reduces methylmercury in a terrestrial food web","volume":"25","author":"Bartrons","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ecol Appl"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(00)00038-5","article-title":"What do sentinels stand for?","volume":"112","author":"Beeby","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1894\/JS-25.1","article-title":"Mercury contamination of macroinvertebrates in fishless grassland ponds","volume":"54","author":"Blackwell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Southwest Nat"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s13280-017-1010-y","article-title":"Integrating mercury research and policy in a changing world","volume":"47","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.5268\/IW-6.2.954","article-title":"Abundance and size distribution of permanent and temporary farm ponds in the southeastern great plains","volume":"6","author":"Chumchal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inland Waters"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1897\/08-197.1","article-title":"Ecological factors regulating mercury contamination of fish from Caddo Lake, Texas, USA","volume":"28","author":"Chumchal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1636\/0161-8202(2002)030[0020:BCAMCI]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Body condition and mate choice in Tetragnatha elongata (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)","volume":"30","author":"Danielson-Fran\u00e7ois","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Arachnol"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1021\/es303734n","article-title":"Effects of mercury deposition and coniferous forests on the mercury contamination of fish in the south central United States","volume":"47","author":"Drenner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8779","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c01255","article-title":"A national-scale assessment of mercury bioaccumulation in United States national parks using dragonfly larvae as biosentinels through a citizen-science framework","volume":"54","author":"Eagles-Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1990.tb04044.x","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism in leg length among orb-weaving spiders: A possible role for sexual cannibalism","volume":"222","author":"Elgar","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Zool"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1641\/B570107","article-title":"Biological mercury hotspots in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada","volume":"57","author":"Evers","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bioscience"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.2796","article-title":"Hg-contaminated terrestrial spiders pose a potential risk to songbirds at Caddo Lake (Texas\/Louisiana, USA)","volume":"34","author":"Gann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1093\/aesa\/64.4.757","article-title":"Carapace width as a tool for evaluating the rate of development of spiders in the laboratory and the field","volume":"64","author":"Hagstrum","year":"1971","journal-title":"Ann Entomol Soc Am"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.1760","article-title":"Effects of fish on mercury contamination of macroinvertebrate communities of grassland ponds","volume":"31","author":"Henderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0016","first-page":"94","article-title":"Developmental plasticity and fecundity in the orb-weaving spider Nephila clavipes","volume":"20","author":"Higgins","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Arachnol"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/s13280-017-1006-7","article-title":"Challenges and opportunities for managing aquatic mercury pollution in altered landscapes","volume":"47","author":"Hsu-Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.2307\/3545585","article-title":"Estimating fitness: A comparison of body condition indices","volume":"77","author":"Jakob","year":"1996","journal-title":"Oikos"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1021\/es053155l","article-title":"Monitoring the response to changing mercury deposition","volume":"39","author":"Mason","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-016-3631-4","article-title":"Different hunting strategies of generalist predators result in functional differences","volume":"181","author":"Michalko","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0021","author":"National Atmospheric Deposition Program","year":"2020"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2503","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.4579","article-title":"Relationship between methylmercury contamination and proportion of aquatic and terrestrial prey in diets of shoreline spiders","volume":"38","author":"Ortega-Rodriguez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2065","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.2277","article-title":"The use of tetragnathid spiders as bioindicators of metal exposure at a coal ash spill site","volume":"32","author":"Otter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2506","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.2700","article-title":"Methyl mercury and stable isotopes of nitrogen reveal that a terrestrial spider has a diet of emergent aquatic insects","volume":"33","author":"Speir","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1021\/es303330m","article-title":"Effects of fish on emergent insect-mediated flux of methyl mercury across a gradient of contamination","volume":"47","author":"Tweedy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0028","volume-title":"Spiders of North America: An Identification Manual","author":"Ubick","year":"2017"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0026","author":"US Environmental Protection Agency","year":"1998"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0027","author":"US Environmental Protection Agency","year":"1998"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1890\/08-0354.1","article-title":"The dark side of subsidies: Adult stream insects export organic contaminants to riparian predators","volume":"18","author":"Walters","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ecol Appl"},{"key":"2025010313434191000_etc4964-bib-0030","volume-title":"Handbook of Ecotoxicology","author":"Wiener","year":"2003","edition":"2nd ed."}],"container-title":["Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/etc.4964","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/etc.4964","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/etc\/article-pdf\/40\/4\/1149\/59785247\/etc4964.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/etc\/article-pdf\/40\/4\/1149\/59785247\/etc4964.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T14:29:00Z","timestamp":1735914540000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/etc\/article\/40\/4\/1149\/7734552"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/etc.4964","relation":{},"ISSN":["0730-7268","1552-8618"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0730-7268","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-8618","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-11-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}