{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T13:24:21Z","timestamp":1785158661102,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":868,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":50,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Estrogens are released to the aquatic environment by wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents and can affect wildlife. In the last three decades, many in vitro assay platforms have been developed to detect and quantify estrogenicity in water. In 2018, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standardized protocols became available for three types of in vitro estrogen receptor transactivation assays (ERTAs) detecting estrogenicity in 96-well plates (ISO19040 1-3). Two ERTAs\u2014lyticase Yeast Estrogen Screen (L-YES) and Arxula YES (A-YES)\u2014use genetically modified yeast strains, whereas the third utilizes stably transfected human cells. One human cell based assay is ER\u03b1-CALUX, which is based on a genetically modified human bone osteosarcoma cell line. In the present study, we characterized the performance, comparability, and effectiveness of these three ERTAs, including an evaluation involving proposed water quality thresholds (effect-based trigger values [EBTs]). For a robust evaluation, we collected 52 effluent samples over three sampling campaigns at 15 different WWTPs in Switzerland. Estrogen receptor transactivation assay results were correlated and compared with results from chemical analysis targeting known estrogens. The three ERTAs showed comparable data over all campaigns. However, the selection of EBTs plays a significant role in the interpretation and comparison of bioassay results\u00a0to distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable water quality. Applying a fixed cross-assay EBT for effluent of 4\u2009ng\u2009L\u22121 resulted in varying numbers of threshold exceedances ranging between zero and four samples depending on the ERTA used. Using assay-specific EBTs showed exceedances in eight samples (ER\u03b1-CALUX) and in one sample (A-YES), respectively. Thus, proposed EBTs do not produce similar risk profiles across samples and further refinement of assay-specific EBTs is needed to account for assay-specific differences and to enable the application of ERTAs as effect-based methods in environmental monitoring. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2512\u20132526. \u00a9 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Abstract<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Comparison of three ISO19040 in vitro estrogen receptor transactivation assays (ER\u03b1-CALUX, lyticase Yeast Estrogen Screen [L-YES] and Arxula YES [A-YES]) based on 52 wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent extracts. In addition, bioassays results were compared with results from chemical analysis using liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (LC-MS\/MS) targeting known estrogens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T12:13:54Z","timestamp":1658751234000},"page":"2512-2526","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evaluation of Three ISO Estrogen Receptor Transactivation Assays Applied to 52 Domestic Effluent Samples"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7496-7634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eszter","family":"Simon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Air Pollution Control and Chemicals Division, Industrial Chemicals Section Federal Office for the Environment Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology D\u00fcbendorf Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8215-0613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolin","family":"Riegraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology D\u00fcbendorf Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Schifferli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology D\u00fcbendorf Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Olbrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology D\u00fcbendorf Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Bucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Current affiliation: ETH Zurich Lehrlabor Biologie Z\u00fcrich Switzerland"},{"name":"Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology D\u00fcbendorf Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eti\u00ebnne L. 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