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Despite global reports of pesticide poisoning in animals, limited studies have examined current wildlife exposure in croplands or metropolitan areas in the region. Using liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry (LC\u2013MS\/MS) and gas chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry (GC\u2013MS\/MS), our study aimed to assess the contamination status of 368 commonly used pesticides. The stomach contents of raccoons living in croplands contained 13 pesticides, including six herbicides and 11 fungicides. Neonicotinoid insecticides, some fungicides, and previously banned insecticides (benzene hexachloride and dichlofenthion) were most frequently detected and found at the highest concentrations, suggesting direct soil\u2013plant transfer and direct consumption by crop-eating species. In masked palm civets living in metropolitan areas, four insecticides and six fungicides were detected, indicating urban wildlife exposure from raided dustbins, urban gardens, and lumber from houses. Although the maximum measured concentrations of all pesticides were lower than the acceptable daily intake for humans, it remains unclear whether these concentrations may have toxic or adverse health effects on the species evaluated in these transformed landscapes. Our study is the first to examine recent pesticide exposures in wild mammals in Japan. Application of the method we developed will lay the foundation for the examination of pesticides in other wildlife species to assist conservation management efforts in the region. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:943\u2013951. \u00a9 2024 SETAC<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5828","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T14:24:40Z","timestamp":1709648680000},"page":"943-951","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pesticide Contamination Levels in the Stomach Contents of Wild Raccoons (<i>Procyon lotor<\/i>) and Masked Palm Civets (<i>Paguma larvata<\/i>) in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"So","family":"Shinya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Toxicology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariko","family":"Sashika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Wildlife Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miku","family":"Minamikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuji","family":"Itoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Wildlife Management, Department of Environmental and Symbiosis, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Tanikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical Research Laboratory, IKARI Corporation, Chiba, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuyuki D.","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical Research Laboratory, IKARI Corporation, Chiba, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouta M. 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