{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:51:41Z","timestamp":1786121501899,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765152000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Supplements claiming to improve metabolic profiles in equine metabolic syndrome (\n EMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) often lack scientific validation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n To evaluate the effect of a supplement containing leucine, resveratrol and pyridoxine on the metabolic profile in ponies with\n EMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Design<\/jats:title>\n Unmasked randomised, placebo\u2010controlled field trial.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Thirty\u2010eight ponies completed the trial across five farms. Ponies were age and sex matched per farm and randomly assigned to the supplement (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200920) or placebo group (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200918) with owners masked to group assignments. Ponies were sampled at days \u22121\/0 (\n T1<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), 7\/8 (\n T2<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), 30\/31 (\n T3<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and 60\/61 (\n T4<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). Measurements included morphometrics, insulin, triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids, leptin and adiponectin, a two\u2010step insulin tolerance test and oral sugar test (\n OST<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). Biochemical and dynamic testing results were compared across groups and times using pairwise comparisons of the estimated marginal means from mixed model, with significance set at a Tukey corrected\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010value of <0.05. Chi\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n analyses assessed group differences from the trial onset and conclusion, with significance set at a\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010value of <0.05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In the supplement group, maximum insulin post\u2010\n OST<\/jats:styled-content>\n was significantly reduced between\n T1<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n T2<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n T3<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n T4<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and bodyweight (bwt) decreased significantly between\n T1<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n T4<\/jats:styled-content>\n . By\n T4<\/jats:styled-content>\n , more ponies in the supplement group lost \u22652% of their bwt (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.006), with an average reduction of 8.1\u2009kg (95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n : \u221211.4, \u22124.7) while the placebo group gained an average of 2.6\u2009kg (95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n : \u22124.2, 9.4). Additionally, more ponies in the supplement group reduced maximum insulin post\u2010\n OST<\/jats:styled-content>\n by \u226540% (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.01 average decrease 36.6\n \u03bcU<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n mL<\/jats:styled-content>\n ; 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n : \u221260.8, \u221212.3), compared with the placebo group (average decrease of 3.5\n \u03bcU<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n mL<\/jats:styled-content>\n ; 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n : \u221224.8, 17.8).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Limitations<\/jats:title>\n Small sample size across multiple farms may have increased variability and masked some effects.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Supplementation with leucine, pyridoxine and resveratrol may support weight loss and reduce post\u2010prandial insulin concentrations in ponies with\n EMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/evj.70135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T13:50:07Z","timestamp":1765201807000},"page":"1217-1227","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Leucine, pyridoxine and resveratrol supplementation alter metabolic parameters in ponies with equine metabolic syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Elaine M.","family":"Norton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sydney","family":"Plumb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 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