{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T08:15:01Z","timestamp":1788336901907,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778371200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatment with the sodium\u2010glucose co\u2010transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor canagliflozin in insulin dysregulated (ID) horses has shown promising results in randomised clinical trials. Larger field studies are needed to further evaluate treatment responses and potential adverse effects under real\u2010world conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the short\u2010term effects of canagliflozin on postprandial glucose and insulin responses in client\u2010owned horses and ponies with ID using a single\u2010sample feed\u2010challenge test (FCT), and to characterise treatment\u2010associated changes in bodyweight, liver enzyme activities, and triglyceride concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multicentre pre\u2010post intervention study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventy privately owned horses and ponies with ID, confirmed by an oral sugar test, were enrolled. Horses received oral canagliflozin (0.4\u20130.6\u2009mg\/kg bwt once daily) for 3\u2009weeks. Bodyweight, clinical biochemical parameters, and glucose and insulin concentrations from an FCT based on each horse's forage were obtained before and after treatment. Data were analysed using linear mixed\u2010effects models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The least squares (LS) means insulin concentrations (\u00b1 SEM) during the FCT decreased from 304.4\u2009\u00b1\u200925.4 to 171.2\u2009\u00b1\u200925.9 \u03bcIU\/mL after 3\u2009weeks of treatment with canagliflozin (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Thirteen percent (9\/70) of horses did not exhibit a reduction in insulin concentrations after treatment. The geometric LS means (95% confidence interval) triglyceride concentration (0.4 [0.3\u20130.5] vs. 1.2 [0.9\u20131.5] mmol\/L;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) activity (91 [73\u2013112] vs. 152 [123\u2013188] \u03bckat\/L;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) increased with treatment. Hyperlipaemia\u2010range triglyceride concentrations (&gt;5.6\u2009mmol\/L) were observed in 9% (6\/70) of treated horses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Absence of a placebo\u2010treated control group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The postprandial insulin concentrations decreased in most canagliflozin treated horses, however, a subset failed to respond or developed marked increases in triglycerides. These findings underscore the need for careful monitoring of insulin response and lipid parameters during SGLT2 inhibitor therapy in horses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/evj.70181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T05:10:46Z","timestamp":1778476246000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Short\u2010term clinical responses in horses and ponies treated with canagliflozin: A clinical field study"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7896-635X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moa","family":"H\u00e4llbom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Distriktsveterin\u00e4rerna The Swedish Board of Agricultural Science  Fj\u00e4rdhundra Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6124-4015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanna Truelsen","family":"Lind\u00e5se","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Wartel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Distriktsveterin\u00e4rerna The Swedish Board of Agricultural Science  Fj\u00e4rdhundra Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9981-6365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johan","family":"Br\u00f6jer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516409X475779"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15423"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0203655"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/OVJ.2022.v12.i4.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16906"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-019-1811-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2024.106894"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.13738"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.70256"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/OVJ.2023.v13.i3.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12089"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.228.9.1383"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23970\/AHRQEPCMETHODSGUIDENRSI"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.312.7040.1215"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-016-0246-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1983.tb01826.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2008.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","volume-title":"Utfodringsrekommendationer f\u00f6r h\u00e4st","author":"Jansson A","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13529"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.22.06.0272"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.11.3703"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2008.250"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","volume-title":"5th Global Equine Endocrine Symposium","author":"Br\u00f6jer J","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.17199"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI72227"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-00969"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI70704"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.116.17.461"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cveq.2010.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","unstructured":"Veterinary Medicines Directorate.Calculation of adverse event incidence for veterinary medicines [Internet]. 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