{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T20:39:20Z","timestamp":1782938360145,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000836","name":"University of Liverpool","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000836","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Equine Veterinary Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Broodmares are at increased risk of gastrointestinal colic. However, colic risk factors specific to this population have not been investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate horse\u2010 and management\u2010level risk factors for post\u2010partum colic in a cohort of Thoroughbred broodmares in the United Kingdom and Ireland.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective, nested case\u2013control study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty\u2010nine Thoroughbred stud farms in the United Kingdom and Ireland were recruited, and 1044 mares were followed over the 2021 and\/or 2022 foaling seasons. Data were collected on signalment, medical and management history for post\u2010partum colic mares and matched (3:1) controls. Multivariable analysis was conducted using conditional logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Due to strong collinearity between days post\u2010partum and time spent stabled, two multivariable models were built. Days post\u2010partum (Model 1: OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.8\u20130.9;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and increasing hours stabled (Model 2: OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1\u20131.3;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) were strongly associated with increased risk of post\u2010partum colic. Colic risk was highest immediately post\u2010partum, with reduction in likelihood of colic up to 50\u2009days after foaling. NSAID use in the previous 28\u2009days (Model 1: OR 6.2, 95% CI 2.0\u201365.5; Model 2: OR 4.1, 95% CI 1.1\u201315.0;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.048) and a history of previous colic (Model 1: OR 7.4, 95% CI 1.2\u20137.9; Model 2: OR 5.3, 95% CI 1.7\u201317.1;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01) were also associated with increased colic risk. Calcium supplementation was associated with increased likelihood of post\u2010partum colic in Model 1 only (OR 4.4, 95% CI 1.3\u201315.7;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mares comprised a small sub\u2010population of UK and Irish Thoroughbred broodmares. Pre\u2010partum colic was not investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maximising turnout in post\u2010partum broodmares may reduce colic risk, immediately post\u2010partum and up to 50\u2009days. Broodmares who have recently received NSAIDs, have a history of colic or are receiving a calcium\u2010based supplement may be at increased risk of post\u2010partum colic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/evj.70219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T08:52:23Z","timestamp":1782895943000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Risk factors for post\u2010partum colic in a population of\n                    <scp>UK<\/scp>\n                    and Irish Thoroughbred broodmares"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0106-3911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Cullen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus  Neston UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1288-1768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H. B.","family":"Carslake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus  Neston UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ballylinch Stud  Thomastown Kilkenny Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9567-2747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Stoneham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus  Neston UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5671-8623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G. L.","family":"Pinchbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Livestock and One Health University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus  Neston UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4421-9269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D. 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