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CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> reduction reactions (CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>RRs) can be induced using sustainable energy, including electric and solar energy, using systems such as electrochemical (EC) CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>RR and photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems. This study summarizes various fabrication strategies for non\u2010noble metal, copper\u2010based, and metal\u2013organic framework\u2010based catalysts with excellent Faradaic efficiency (FE) for target carbon compounds, and for noble metals with low overvoltage. Although EC and PEC systems achieve high energy conversion efficiency with excellent catalysts, they still require external power and lack complete bias\u2013free operation. Therefore, photovoltaics, which can overcome the limitations of these systems, have been introduced. The utilization of silicon and perovskite\u2010based solar cells for photovoltaics\u2010assisted EC (PV\u2010EC) and photovoltaics\u2010assisted PEC (PV\u2010PEC) CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>RR systems are cost\u2010efficient, and the III\u2013V semiconductor photoabsorbers achieved high solar\u2010to\u2010carbon efficiency. This work focuses on PV\u2010EC and PV\u2010PEC CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>RR systems and their components and then summarizes the special cell configurations, including the tandem and stacked structures.\u00a0Additionally, the study discusses current issues, such as low energy conversion, expensive PV, theoretical limits, and industrial scale\u2013up, along with proposed solutions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/exp.20230001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T04:35:55Z","timestamp":1689050155000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"title":["Toward high\u2010efficiency photovoltaics\u2010assisted electrochemical and photoelectrochemical CO<sub>2<\/sub> reduction: Strategy and challenge"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Jin Hyuk","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea 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