{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T17:01:12Z","timestamp":1793120472696,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,10]],"date-time":"2023-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20211510"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20211510"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82372127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82372127"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22304177"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22304177"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22205166"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22205166"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2242023K5007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2242023K5007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Exploration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The tumour\u2010targeting efficiency of systemically delivered chemodrugs largely dictates the therapeutic outcome of anticancer treatment. Major challenges lie in the complexity of diverse biological barriers that drug delivery systems must hierarchically overcome to reach their cellular\/subcellular targets. Herein, an \u201call\u2010in\u2010one\u201d red blood cell (RBC)\u2010derived microrobot that can hierarchically adapt to five critical stages during systemic drug delivery, that is, circulation, accumulation, release, extravasation, and penetration, is developed. The microrobots behave like natural RBCs in blood circulation, due to their almost identical surface properties, but can be magnetically manipulated to accumulate at regions of interest such as tumours. Next, the microrobots are \u201cimmolated\u201d under laser irradiation to release their therapeutic cargoes and, by generating heat, to enhance drug extravasation through vascular barriers. As a coloaded agent, pirfenidone (PFD) can inhibit the formation of extracellular matrix and increase the penetration depth of chemodrugs in the solid tumour. It is demonstrated that this system effectively suppresses both primary and metastatic tumours in mouse models without evident side effects, and may represent a new class of intelligent biomimicking robots for biomedical applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/exp.20230105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,10]],"date-time":"2023-12-10T10:23:17Z","timestamp":1702203797000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["A red blood cell\u2010derived bionic microrobot capable of hierarchically adapting to five critical stages in systemic drug delivery"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Ya\u2010Xuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University  Nanjing Jiangsu People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao\u2010Ran","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University  Nanjing Jiangsu People's Republic of China"},{"name":"The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital) Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM) Chinese Academy of Sciences  Hangzhou Zhejiang People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao\u2010Wen","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University  Nanjing Jiangsu People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University  Nanjing Jiangsu People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiu\u2010Yi","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University  Nanjing Jiangsu People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke\u2010Fei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University  Nanjing Jiangsu People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bai\u2010Hui","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University  Nanjing Jiangsu People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University  Nanjing Jiangsu People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaokai","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1773-2868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fu\u2010Gen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University  Nanjing Jiangsu People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2020.06.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201606628"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.9b00177"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2018.04.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201904337"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-019-0567-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-022-00496-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-020-0090-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscentsci.9b01139"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201001459"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8NH00417J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.201700270"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.7b00758"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adtp.201800091"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.03.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chempr.2018.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201900795"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202002661"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2018.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.03.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-019-0485-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c00974"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.119772"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.15534"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.abd5476"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202000512"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19322-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2009.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.4071"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-022-01360-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202211626"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aam6431"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.0c00999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202002047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201706100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.3c00632"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c00732"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2SC03036E"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aat8829"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.0c01234"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7CS00516D"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201713082"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aat0485"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201704800"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.1c00168"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34133\/2020\/3676954"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c03824"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201706570"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202301489"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202100753"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn506200x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5NR03730A"}],"container-title":["Exploration"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/EXP.20230105","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T12:21:00Z","timestamp":1713356460000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/EXP.20230105"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,10]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/EXP.20230105"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/exp.20230105","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2766-8509","2766-2098"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2766-8509","type":"print"},{"value":"2766-2098","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-07-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"20230105"}}