{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T22:35:33Z","timestamp":1791758133626,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,29]],"date-time":"2021-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The association of plant\u2010based diets and biomarkers of bone, insulin, and inflammation is still unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated the associations between biomarkers of bone, insulin, and inflammation and three plant\u2010based diet indices: an overall plant\u2010based diet index (PDI); a healthy plant\u2010based diet index (hPDI); and an unhealthy plant\u2010based diet index (uPDI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 178 elderly subjects who referred to health centers in Tehran. Blood and urine samples were collected to measure osteocalcin. The Human C\u2010telopeptide of type \u2160 collagen (u\u2010CTX\u2010I), highly sensitive C\u2010reactive protein (hs\u2010CRP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25(OH) D, and insulin resistance and sensitivity. We created an overall PDI, hPDI, and uPDI from semi\u2010quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dietary groups of Vegetables (<jats:italic>r\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0.15, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.03), nuts (<jats:italic>r\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0.16, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.03), dairy (<jats:italic>r\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0.25, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.001), eggs (<jats:italic>r\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0.27, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001), red meat, and animal products (<jats:italic>r\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0.25, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.001) were directly correlated with osteocalcin. Refined grains were also had a positive association with serum insulin concentration (<jats:italic>r\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0.14, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.04). PTH levels are inversely associated with PDI score (\u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.18, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.01). Also, serum insulin concentration was negatively associated with PDI score (\u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.10, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.04). Urine CTX\u20101 levels were significantly associated with hPDI score (\u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.06, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.04). u\u2010CTX\u20101 levels are inversely associated with uPDI score. This significance did not change with the adjustment of the confounders (\u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.28, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>More adherence to PDI and hPDI and less in uPDI may have a beneficial effect on biomarkers of bone, inflammation, and insulin thus preserving chronic diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.2258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,29]],"date-time":"2021-03-29T12:28:25Z","timestamp":1617020905000},"page":"3000-3014","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The link between plant\u2010based diet indices with biochemical markers of bone turn over, inflammation, and insulin in Iranian older adults"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4499-4102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hossein","family":"Shahinfar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition School of Public Health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Amini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nastaran","family":"Payandeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Nutrition School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sina","family":"Naghshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0076-361X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Sheikhhossein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurosh","family":"Djafarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakineh","family":"Shab\u2010Bidar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Nutrition School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-13-89"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199704173361601"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1376990","article-title":"DASH diet, insulin resistance, and serum hs\u2010CRP in polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"47","author":"Asemi Z.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hormone and Metabolic Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0606"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","volume-title":"Principles of bone biology","author":"Bilezikian J. 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