{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:17:20Z","timestamp":1790687840457,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]],"date-time":"2021-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005601","name":"University of Ghana","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Iron deficiency anemia is prevalent among infants in Ghana. This study evaluated the effect of micronutrient\u2010fortified infant cereal on the nutritional status of infants in the La Nkwantanang Municipality of the Greater Accra Region of Ghana, located in western Africa. In this double\u2010blind, controlled trial, infants aged 6\u201318\u00a0months were cluster\u2010randomized to receive either micronutrient\u2010fortified infant cereal containing 3.75\u00a0mg iron as ferrous fumarate\/50\u00a0g cereal (INT; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0107) or the same cereal without iron (CTL; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0101) to complement other foods and breast milk. The intervention phase lasted six months followed by a two\u2010month post\u2013intervention phase (with no further study product feeding). Hemoglobin and anthropometry were assessed every 2\u00a0months for the 8\u2010month study period. After the 6\u2010month intervention phase, adjusted mean \u00b1 standard error change in hemoglobin from baseline in INT and CTL was 1.97\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.19 and 1.16\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.21\u00a0g\/dl, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01 for each); the increase in hemoglobin was significantly larger in INT versus CTL (increase 0.68\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.30\u00a0g\/dl; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.02). Prevalence of anemia declined to a significantly greater extent in INT (84.1% to 42.8%) compared to CTL (89.1% to 62.8%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.006). There was no significant difference between groups in weight gain (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.41) or height gain (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.21) over the study period. In infants aged 6\u201318\u00a0months, micronutrient\u2010fortified infant cereal consumed for 6\u00a0months promoted greater reductions in iron\u2010deficiency anemia, which is a significant public health concern not only in Ghana but also in many developing countries globally.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.2669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]],"date-time":"2021-11-26T10:10:04Z","timestamp":1637921404000},"page":"286-294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effect of iron\u2010fortified infant cereal on nutritional status of infants in Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Obed Akwaa","family":"Harrison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Science University of Ghana Legon\u2010Accra Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7322-1600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas P.","family":"Hays","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nestl\u00e9 Product Technology Center\u2010 Nutrition Vevey Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard S.","family":"Ansong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Science University of Ghana Legon\u2010Accra Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominic","family":"Datoghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Science University of Ghana Legon\u2010Accra Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick","family":"Vuvor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Science University of Ghana Legon\u2010Accra Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matilda","family":"Steiner\u2010Asiedu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Science University of Ghana Legon\u2010Accra Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11124\/01938924-201513060-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7176.116232"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/156482650302400102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-506"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.1639"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI81860"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.031500"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","volume-title":"Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2014","author":"Ghana Health Service (GHS), & ICF International","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","volume-title":"Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey with an enhanced Malaria Module and Biomarker 2011","author":"Ghana Statistical Service","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2020.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265070284S409"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4084\/mjhid.2020.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980008002401"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.1.66-78.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/PHN2005918"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-020-0907-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","volume-title":"Prevalence of anemia among children (% of children under 5) \u2010 Ghana","author":"The World Bank","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","volume-title":"The first 1,000 days of life","author":"World Food Program USA","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","volume-title":"Worldwide prevalence of anemia 1993\u20132005: WHO global database on anemia","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","volume-title":"Infant and young child feeding: Model chapter for textbooks for medical students and allied health professionals","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","volume-title":"The global prevalence of anemia in 2011","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","volume-title":"Anemia","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","volume-title":"Guideline: Daily iron supplementation in infants and children","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["Food Science &amp; 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