{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:57:11Z","timestamp":1792036631001,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This work aimed to assess the effects of <jats:italic>Plectranthus amboinicus<\/jats:italic> essential oil (PAE) and rosemary (<jats:italic>Rosmarinus officinalis<\/jats:italic> L.) essential oil (ROE) as feed additives on performance, antioxidant activity, intestinal microbiota, intestinal morphology, immune response, and plasma biochemistry using 320 unsexed 1\u2010day\u2010old Ross 308 broiler chickens. The chickens were assigned randomly into four treatments containing eight replicates with 10 chickens each. Treatment diets included a basal diet as a control group, 100\u2009mg\/kg PAE, 200\u2009mg\/kg PAE, and 100\u2009mg\/kg ROE. ROE affected the growth performance in the starter phase by improving (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.01) the feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with the control diet. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the plasma were elevated (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001) by both feed additives. Supplementation of additives could increase (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.006) total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Furthermore, malondialdehyde (MDA) values in the breast (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001) and thigh (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) for all supplemented diets were less than the control group. The essential oils (EOs) reduced (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.005) coliform counts in the ileum and increased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.029) lactic acid bacteria counts. In addition, villus height (VH) and crypt depth (CD) increased, whereas the density of goblet cells decreased in the small intestine when feed additives were included. Also, the antibody titers against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) were increased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001) by EOs. Plasma total protein (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.04) and globulin (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.02) were increased, and cholesterol was reduced (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.002) by supplemented diets. Our study revealed that PAE could effectively improve the antioxidant activity, intestinal microbiota population, intestinal morphology, immune response, and plasma biochemistry parameters in broiler chickens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.3380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T11:59:58Z","timestamp":1682078398000},"page":"3939-3948","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["<i>Plectranthus amboinicus<\/i> and rosemary (<i>Rosmarinus officinalis<\/i> L.) essential oils effects on performance, antioxidant activity, intestinal health, immune response, and plasma biochemistry in broiler chickens"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Saied","family":"Hosseinzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1639-6030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farid","family":"Shariatmadari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8141-4904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Amir","family":"Karimi\u00a0Torshizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamed","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawn","family":"Scholey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Animal Rural &amp; Environmental Sciences Nottingham Trent University  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.212"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10020259"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10020245"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/aoas\u20102016\u20100046"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eujim.2014.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22358\/jafs\/65617\/2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14548"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917\u2010021\u201003022\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11113330"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1828051X.2016.1245594"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1996.0292"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf00045a019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2010.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/asj.13499"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18517\/ijaseit.4.2.374"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Efficiency of Echinacea purpurea L. on total antioxidant activity in serum of broiler chicks","volume":"1","author":"Ghalamkari G. 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