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The cause of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a commonly encountered array of metabolic and hormonal abnormalities in females, has yet to be determined. The present experiment was performed to evaluate the antifibrotic properties of SA in rats with letrozole\u2010induced PCOS\u2010related ovarian fibrosis. SA treatment successfully mitigated the changes induced by letrozole in body weight (BW) (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.01) and relative ovary weight (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Histological observation revealed that SA reduced the number of atretic and cystic follicles (AFs) and (CFs) (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.01), as well as ovarian fibrosis, in PCOS rats. Additionally, SA treatment impacted the serum levels of sex hormones in PCOS rats. Luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T) levels were decreased (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.01,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.05), and follicle\u2010stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were increased (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). SA administration also decreased triglyceride (TG) (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.01) and total cholesterol (TC) levels (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.05) and increased high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL\u2010C) levels (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.01), thereby alleviating letrozole\u2010induced metabolic dysfunction in PCOS rats. Furthermore, SA treatment targeted insulin resistance (IR) and increased the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of antioxidant enzymes in the ovaries of PCOS rats. Finally, SA treatment enhanced the activity of peroxisome proliferator\u2010activated receptor\u2010\u03b3 (PPAR\u2010\u03b3), reduced the activation of transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b21 (TGF\u2010\u03b21)\/Smads, and decreased collagen I, \u03b1\u2010smooth muscle actin (\u03b1\u2010SMA), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) levels in the ovaries of PCOS rats. These observations suggest that SA significantly ameliorates metabolic dysfunction and oxidative stress and ultimately reduces ovarian fibrosis in rats with letrozole\u2010induced PCOS.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.3973","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T01:57:45Z","timestamp":1706147865000},"page":"2917-2931","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Sinapic acid modulates oxidative stress and metabolic disturbances to attenuate ovarian fibrosis in letrozole\u2010induced polycystic ovary syndrome\n                    <scp>SD<\/scp>\n                    rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Huan","family":"Lan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposureomics and Entire Lifecycle Health Guilin Medical University  Guilin Guangxi China"},{"name":"College of Chinese Material Medica Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine  Guangzhou Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhe\u2010Wen","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposureomics and Entire Lifecycle Health Guilin Medical University  Guilin Guangxi China"},{"name":"College of Pharmacy Shenyang Pharmaceutical University  Shenyang Liaoning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming\u2010Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposureomics and Entire Lifecycle Health Guilin Medical University  Guilin Guangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan\u2010Ying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposureomics and Entire Lifecycle Health Guilin Medical University  Guilin Guangxi 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Environmental Exposureomics and Entire Lifecycle Health Guilin Medical University  Guilin Guangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010Qiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposureomics and Entire Lifecycle Health Guilin Medical University  Guilin Guangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010Hui","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposureomics and Entire Lifecycle Health Guilin Medical University  Guilin Guangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tie\u2010Min","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South Asia Branch of National Engineering Center of Dairy for Maternal and Child Health Guilin University of Technology  Guilin Guangxi 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