{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T20:31:19Z","timestamp":1771101079882,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The hormonal changes in women influence creatine dynamics, emphasizing its potential importance during menstruation, pregnancy, postpartum, menopause, and postmenopause. Yet, limited research explores creatine's impact on female reproductive health at the population level. Our study investigated the relationship between dietary creatine intake and reproductive health indices in US women using data from the 2017\u20132020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We extracted a dataset containing females aged 12\u2009years and above who provided details about their reproductive health and dietary habits. Daily creatine intake was quantified as a relative amount (mg per kg body mass) and did not include creatine from dietary supplements and pharmacological agents. A daily requirement for dietary creatine for healthy women was employed to classify respondents into two separate subpopulations: (1) suboptimal intake of creatine (&lt;13\u2009mg per kg body mass per day) or (2) recommended intake (dietary creatine\u2009\u2265\u200913\u2009mg per kg body mass per day). A total of 4522 female participants from the NHANES study (age 44.5\u2009\u00b1\u200920.5\u2009years) provided data on their reproductive health and dietary intake. The average daily creatine intake for the group was 10.5\u2009\u00b1\u200910.8\u2009mg per kg body mass. The odds ratio for having irregular periods in women consuming \u226513\u2009mg of creatine per kg body mass daily (recommended intake) compared to those with suboptimal intake was 0.75 (95% CI, from 0.66 to 0.86), indicating a significant association between higher intake of dietary creatine and lower risk of oligomenorrhea (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Moreover, women consuming less than 13\u2009mg of creatine per kg body mass faced an increased risk of fetal macrosomia (OR 1.26; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.04), pelvic infection (OR 1.68; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.01), hysterectomy (OR 1.42; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), oophorectomy (OR 1.54; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), and receiving hormone replacement therapy (OR 1.26; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.02). Consuming a creatine\u2010rich diet has been linked to lower risks of reproductive issues in US women aged 12 and above. Those consuming \u226513\u2009mg of creatine per kg body mass daily showed notably lower risks of irregular menstrual periods, obstetric conditions, and pelvic pathology. Further studies are needed to confirm these potential benefits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.4135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T05:43:25Z","timestamp":1714542205000},"page":"4893-4898","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Association between dietary intake of creatine and female reproductive health: Evidence from <scp>NHANES<\/scp> 2017\u20132020"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7270-2541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergej M.","family":"Ostojic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Bioenergetics Lab, Faculty of Sport and PE University of Novi Sad  Novi Sad Serbia"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Public Health University of Agder  Kristiansand Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pecs  Pecs Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tonje Holte","family":"Stea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Nursing Sciences University of Agder  Kristiansand Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stacey J.","family":"Ellery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ritchie Centre Hudson Institute of Medical Research  Clayton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abbie E.","family":"Smith\u2010Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise and Sport Science University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","author":"Akanmode A. M.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884\u2010020\u201003192\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103166"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.27.061406.093621"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","unstructured":"CDC\/National Center for Health Statistics. (2023a).National health and nutrition examination survey.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/nhanes\/index.htm"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","unstructured":"CDC\/National Center for Health Statistics. (2023b).National health and nutrition examination survey. 2017\u2010March 2020 Data Documentation Codebook and Frequencies. Reproductive Health (P_RHQ).https:\/\/wwwn.cdc.gov\/Nchs\/Nhanes\/2017\u20102018\/P_RHQ.htm"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471\u20100528.14237"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726\u2010016\u20102199\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1596\/978-1-4648-0348-2_ch2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1083\u20103188(03)00154\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279\u2010015\u20100387\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23751\/pn.v25i1.11595"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15020429"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020490"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000515916"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab111"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000520818"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2023.105733"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13474"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14030586"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioad099"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2013\u20101413"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13030877"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905\u2010023\u201002476\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905\u2010021\u201001184\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10112902"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey081"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2012\u20105610"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2000.80.3.1107"}],"container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/fsn3.4135","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T09:39:44Z","timestamp":1721813984000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/fsn3.4135"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/fsn3.4135"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/fsn3.4135","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2048-7177","2048-7177"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2048-7177","type":"print"},{"value":"2048-7177","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}