{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T15:46:45Z","timestamp":1778773605588,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,21]],"date-time":"2024-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Migraine headaches are the most prevalent disabling primary headaches, affecting individuals at an active age. Dietary interventions are considered low\u2010cost and practical approaches to migraine prophylaxis. Hence, the present study aimed to assess the association between adherence to the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI\u20102015) and migraine headaches. The present case\u2013control study was conducted on 476 newly diagnosed adults with migraine headaches, based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition (ICHDIII criteria(, and 512 healthy controls. Participants' dietary intakes were collected using a validated, 168\u2010item semi\u2010quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The association between HEI\u20102015 and migraine headaches was assessed using logistic regression models. Although the trend was not statistically significant, being in the 4th quantile of the HEI\u20102015 was associated with about 50% lower odds of migraine headaches in both primary (adjusted for age and gender) (odds ratios (OR): 0.51, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.33, 0.78) and fully adjusted models (additionally adjusted for body mass index (BMI) and total calories) (adjusted OR: 0.50, 95%CI: 0.32, 0.77). Intriguingly, the odds of migraine headaches were significantly higher in those in the last quantile of \u201cTotal Fruits,\u201d which is equal to more than 237\u2009g per 1000\u2009kcal (aOR: 2.96, 95%CI: 1.99, 4.41) and \u201cWhole Fruits,\u201d which is equal to more than 233\u2009g per 1000\u2009kcal (aOR: 2.90, 95%CI: 1.94, 4.31). Similarly, higher intakes of \u201cDairy,\u201d which is equal to more than 138\u2009g per 1000\u2009kcal (aOR: 2.66, 95%CI: 1.71, 4.14), and \u201cTotal Protein Foods,\u201d which is equal to more than 259\u2009g per 1000\u2009kcal (aOR: 2.41, 95%CI: 1.58, 3.70), were associated with higher odds of migraine headaches. The current study revealed an indirect association between HEI\u20102015 and its components, including \u201cGreens and Beans,\u201d \u201cWhole Grains,\u201d \u201cRefined Grains,\u201d and \u201cAdded Sugars\u201d and lower odds of migraine headaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.4168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]],"date-time":"2024-04-22T04:49:26Z","timestamp":1713761366000},"page":"5220-5230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Healthy eating index 2015 might be associated with migraine headaches: Results from a <scp>Case\u2013Control<\/scp> study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7028-1934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danial","family":"Fotros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Morvarid","family":"Noormohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Student Research Committee, Faculty of Public Health Branch Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mansoureh","family":"Togha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache Department, Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeinab","family":"Ghorbani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition School of Medicine Guilan University of Medical Sciences  Rasht 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Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Headache Department, Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pedram","family":"Shirani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Headache Department, Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hossein","family":"Ansari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of California san Diego (UCSD)  San Diego California 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