{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:57:47Z","timestamp":1787165867558,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005117","name":"Birjand University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["6208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6208"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005117","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp;amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Honey has a rich history of treating gastrointestinal diseases due to its diverse bioactive compounds. This study evaluated the protective effects of select Iranian honeys against cold water immersion stress (CWIS)\u2010induced ulcers in rats. Forty male Wistar rats (250\u2013280\u2009g) were randomly assigned to eight groups (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20095): control, CWIS, and groups treated with strong (eucalyptus, Annaab, and Jangale) and weak honeys (Chand Giah, Sumaq, Gaz)\u2009+\u2009CWIS. Honey selection was based on antioxidant capacity, phenolic content, and protein concentration. Rats received 20% honey in water (1\u2009mL\/kg) orally twice daily for 14\u2009days; controls received water. After a 24\u2010h fast, rats underwent 3\u2010h CWIS to induce ulcers. Serum samples were analyzed for\n                    <jats:italic>malondialdehyde<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MDA),\n                    <jats:italic>total antioxidant capacity<\/jats:italic>\n                    (TAC), thiol groups, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF\u2010\u03b1), and\n                    <jats:italic>interleukin 6<\/jats:italic>\n                    (IL\u20106) levels. Stomachs were assessed for ulcer severity (gastric ulcer index), gastric juice volume, and histopathological changes. Honey types were categorized as strong (eucalyptus, Annaab, and Jangale) or weak (Chand Giah, Sumaq, and Gaz) based on total phenolic content, antioxidant effects (FRAP and DPPH), and protein levels. Ulcer group showed significant increases in MDA (64%) and TNF\u2010\u03b1 and IL\u20106 levels (98.5% and 111.6%), and decreases in ferric reducing\n                    <jats:italic>antioxidant<\/jats:italic>\n                    power and 2,2\u2010diphenyl\u20101 picrylhydrazyl (FRAP, DPPH, and thiol levels [26%, 14.39%, and 26%]) compared to controls. Strong honey groups exhibited 50% lower gastric ulcer index compared to weak honey groups. This study showed that strong honeys, due to their higher phenolic, total protein, and antioxidant content, offer greater protection against gastric damage and oxidative stress compared to weaker honeys. These results highlight the importance of bioactive compounds in honey's therapeutic properties. Therefore, high\u2010quality honeys with higher phenolic content can be considered as therapeutic supplements for gastrointestinal disorders, especially those caused by oxidative stress and inflammation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.4567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T07:34:10Z","timestamp":1730446450000},"page":"10211-10222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Protective Effects of Some Graded Iranian Honey Samples Against Cold Water Immersion\u2010Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1819-853X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaser","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine Birjand University of Medical Sciences  Birjand Iran"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9915-256X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoya","family":"Tahergorabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Health Research Center Birjand University of Medical Sciences  Birjand Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4812-0223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gholam Reza","family":"Sharifzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Health Birjand University of Medical Sciences  Birjand Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8276-0171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahdieh","family":"Rajabi Moghadam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Birjand University of Medical Sciences  Birjand Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5376-5734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asghar","family":"Zarban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine Birjand University of Medical Sciences  Birjand Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/796405"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3643824"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13105\/wjma.v7.i3.72"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5539\/gjhs.v4n6p191"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2014.235"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5492\/wjccm.v5.i1.57"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.09.121"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"151","article-title":"Comparative Gastroprotective Effects of Natural Honey, Nigella sativa and Cimetidine Against Acetylsalicylic Acid Induced Gastric Ulcer in Albino Rats","volume":"21","author":"Bukhari M. 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