{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T23:28:21Z","timestamp":1791415701713,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,2]],"date-time":"2025-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp;amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Pistacia atlantica<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> (Bene) is a native Mediterranean plant that exudates a resinous therapeutic oleoresin gum used for many inflammatory\u2010related diseases. Therefore, the present study evaluates the acute toxicity and the gastroprotective effects of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Pistacia atlantica<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> gum (PAG) on ethanol\u2010mediated gastric ulcers in rats. Sprague Dawley rats (30) were placed in 5 cages: Group A received 10% tween 20; Group B, ulcer control, received 10% tween 20; reference rats (C, received 20\u2009mg\/kg omeprazole), groups D and E received 250 and 500\u2009mg\/kg of PAG, respectively. After 60\u2009min, Groups B\u2013E rats received absolute ethanol (5\u2009mL\/kg). The acute toxicity results showed a lack of any physiological alterations in rats supplemented with up to 5\u2009g\/kg of PAG. In the gastroprotective trial, the ulcer controls exhibited extensive gastric mucosal injuries, reduced stomach mucus secretion, a highly acidic stomach, and increased lesion areas. Ethanol ingestion caused significant inflammatory cell infiltration and oxidative stress indicators in their gastric tissues. The ulcer controls revealed reduced HSP 70, elevated Bax protein expressions, and lowered antioxidant enzymes and up\u2010regulated MDA contents. PAG treatment restored these negative effects of ethanol, which could be because of its terpenoids, phenolics, and flavonoids potentials that positively modulated the gastric defense barriers (mucopolysaccharides), gastric antioxidants, mucus secretion, and significantly increased gastric pH and reduced inflammatory cytokines (TNF\u2010\u03b1 and IL\u20106). The gastro\u2010prophylactic potentials are validated by its modulatory actions of gastric defense mechanisms, providing scientific evidence for future biochemical characterizations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.70049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T05:51:10Z","timestamp":1741758670000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A Traditional Gum Exudate From <scp><i>Pistacia atlantica<\/i><\/scp> Ameliorates Etha\u2010Nol\u2010Mediated Gastric Ulcer in Rats: Possible Molecular Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Talal Salem","family":"Al\u2010Qaisi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences Abu Dhabi University  Abu Dhabi UAE"},{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences Al\u2010Ahliyya Amman University  Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9689-4018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed A. J.","family":"Jabbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University  Erbil Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed M. Hussein M.","family":"Raouf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Science Cihan University\u2010Erbil  Erbil Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Najat Jabbar Ahmed","family":"Berwary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University  Erbil Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qosay","family":"Al\u2010Balas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Jordan University of Science and Technology  Irbid Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parween","family":"Abdul\u2010Samad Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, College of Education Salahaddin University  Erbil 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Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rawaz Rizgar","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science Knowledge University  Erbil Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3702-4060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Musher Ismael","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Health Koya University  Erbil Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sidgi","family":"Hasson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences Liverpool John Moores University  Liverpool 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