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Both surgery and medication have the potential to treat the condition, but they may also have more negative effects. This study investigated the anti\u2010inflammatory mechanism of 20% and 40% doses of different highland barley (HB) components (whole grain, peeled, and bran) in a 2% dextran sulfate sodium induced UC mouse model. The results showed that supplementation with a 20% dose of peeled HB restored body weight, disease activity index, colon length, serum interleukin\u20101\u03b2 and interleukin\u201010 levels, liver glutathione peroxidase content, and superoxide dismutase activity to normal levels in mice compared to UC mice. Moreover, the damage caused by UC to the mice's colon was significantly reduced, and the relative expression levels of interleukin\u20101\u03b2, interleukin\u20106, and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 were all significantly downregulated. Additionally, it increased the abundance of <jats:italic>Bacteroidota<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Firmicutes<\/jats:italic>, improving the balance of gut microbiota.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.70132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]],"date-time":"2025-05-06T05:56:22Z","timestamp":1746510982000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Highland Barley Improves <scp>DSS<\/scp>\u2010Induced Ulcerative Colitis in <scp>C<\/scp>57<scp>BL<\/scp>\/6<scp>J<\/scp> Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6256-3202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huawei","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences  Urumqi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongzhou","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Guo Tai Zhong Xin Testing Technology Co., Ltd  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongya","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lixiahe Institute of Agricultural Sciences  Yangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangfei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Finance and Economics\/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anxiang","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Finance and Economics\/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingjian","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Finance and Economics\/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"New Insights Into the Interplay Between Autophagy, Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Responses in IBD","volume":"16","author":"Ana\u00efs L.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440\u20101746.2002.02709.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112303"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2019.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26195812"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12092693"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00180"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-318448"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2014.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2012.24"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201100630"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","first-page":"313","article-title":"Understanding and Preventing the Global Increase of Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"152","author":"Gilaad G. 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