{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T21:55:18Z","timestamp":1785534918083,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ORF\u20102025\u2010748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ORF\u20102025\u2010748"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp;amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study aims to isolate and optimize the production of L\u2010asparaginase from fungal strains derived from Algerian Saharan plants, and evaluate the reduction of acrylamide formation in food products. L\u2010asparaginase has frequently been used to treat childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of asparagine and glutamine into aspartic acid and ammonia. It is also used in the food industry to minimize acrylamide formation during high\u2010temperature frying of starchy food items. In this study, L\u2010asparaginase was identified in various microbial, animal, and plant species. Using Czapek\u2010Dox medium, different fungal species were first isolated from Saharan plants of southeast Algeria (including\n                    <jats:italic>Zygophyllum cornutum<\/jats:italic>\n                    Coss.,\n                    <jats:italic>Malcolmia aegyptiaca<\/jats:italic>\n                    Spreng.,\n                    <jats:italic>Phoenix dactylifera<\/jats:italic>\n                    L., and\n                    <jats:italic>Cyperus rotundus<\/jats:italic>\n                    L.) and tested for their ability to produce extracellular L\u2010asparaginase. Among 13 isolates, nine were positive in the preliminary test. The strain\n                    <jats:italic>Fusarium<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp.\u2083, isolated from\n                    <jats:italic>M. aegyptiaca<\/jats:italic>\n                    leaves, had the highest enzyme index (1.92\u2009\u00b1\u20090.35) with maximum enzyme production (63.68\u2009units per milliliter). Critical factors such as temperature (30\u00b0C\u201350\u00b0C), pH (5.0\u20138.0), and substrate concentration (1\u201310\u2009g\/L) were optimized under liquid\u2010state fermentation to maximize enzyme production. Utilizing Minitab software, additional statistical methods were employed for the optimization process, including the Plackett\u2013Burman design and response surface methodology. The Plackett\u2013Burman design screened seven variables: temperature, pH, incubation time, substrate concentration, glucose concentration, nitrogen source, and agitation speed. The design identified asparagine concentration, incubation time, and pH as the most significant factors for asparaginase production. Response surface methodology was then used to optimize these factors, producing maximum asparaginase in a 50\u2010mL medium. Under optimized conditions, the application of L\u2010asparaginase to potato slices prior to frying resulted in a 68% reduction in acrylamide content (from 435.6\u2009\u00b1\u200912.4\u2009\u03bcg\/kg to 139.3\u2009\u00b1\u20098.7\u2009\u03bcg\/kg), demonstrating the enzyme's strong potential for improving food safety.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.70792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T09:33:19Z","timestamp":1755768799000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Characterization and Optimization of L\u2010Asparaginase Production by\n                    <i>Endophytic Fusarium<\/i>\n                    sp3 Isolated From\n                    <i>Malcolmia aegyptiaca<\/i>\n                    of Southeast Algeria: Potential for Acrylamide Mitigation in Food Processing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Wassima","family":"Lakhdari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Agronomic Research of Algeria Station of Sidi Mehdi  Touggourt Algeria"},{"name":"Biology Department, Faculty of Life and Nature Sciences, Valcore Laboratory University of Boumerdes  Boumerdes Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salah","family":"Neghmouche Nacer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences University of El Oued  El\u2010Oued Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibtissem","family":"Benyahia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biogeochemistry and Desert Environments, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Material Sciences University of Kasdi Merbah  Ouargla Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamida","family":"Hammi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hydraulic and Bioclimatology National Institute of Agronomic Research (INRA)  Algers Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hakim","family":"Bachir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hydraulic and Bioclimatology National Institute of Agronomic Research (INRA)  Algers Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Djawahir","family":"Mouhoubi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SARL SINAL  Oran Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmine","family":"Lakhdari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Natural, Life and Earth Sciences Ghardaia University  Ghardaia Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ihsane","family":"Guemmou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SARL SINAL  Oran Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abderrahmene","family":"Dehliz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Agronomic Research of Algeria Station of Sidi Mehdi  Touggourt Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8183-7624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Sawicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Production Technology and Commoditties Science University of Life Sciences in Lublin  Lublin Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheikh F.","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabry M.","family":"Attia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amar","family":"Djemoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Natural Substances, Faculty of Exact Sciences and Computer University of Djelfa  Djelfa Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3536-6358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Messaoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Produits Bioactifs et Valorisation de la Biomasse, D\u00e9partement de Chimie, ENS Kouba  Alger Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"Adeniran L. 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