{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:08:17Z","timestamp":1790172497349,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756339200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Science &amp;amp; Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Malnutrition significantly affects children's health and social well\u2010being, leading to growth disorders, such as underweight and short stature. This study investigated the impact of nutrition education based on the PRECEDE\u2010PROCEED Model and the optimal food basket recommended by the Ministry of Health on the growth status and dietary intake of malnourished children aged 7 to 12\u2009years. A controlled trial was conducted with 254 malnourished children in Kermanshah, randomly divided into intervention (127) and control groups. Data were collected at three intervals: before, 6, and 12\u2009weeks after the educational intervention. The intervention consisted of eight educational sessions lasting 45\u201360\u2009min each. Results showed that the nutrition education program significantly improved components of the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PRECEDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    model, including knowledge, attitude, self\u2010efficacy, and behavior (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The intervention group experienced significant increases in Weight for Age Percentile and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    for Age Percentile (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), though no significant difference was found in Height for Age Percentile (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.929). Dietary intake data revealed significant increases in mean calories, protein, vitamin A, riboflavin, iron, and zinc (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), whereas vitamin C and D intakes showed no significant differences (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.675 and\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.610, respectively). In conclusion, nutrition education based on the PRECEDE model can effectively enhance dietary intake and reduce underweight and thinness in children by improving knowledge, attitude, and self\u2010efficacy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.70879","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T06:09:58Z","timestamp":1756447798000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Impact of Nutrition Education Based on the\n                    <scp>PRECEDE<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>PROCEED<\/scp>\n                    Model on Improving the Nutritional Status and Growth Status of 7\u201312\u2010Year\u2010Old Malnourished Children in Kermanshah"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Maleki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"},{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaghayegh","family":"Sharifi Soltani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"},{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahab","family":"Rezaeian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Research Center Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Research Institute for Health  Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmood","family":"Ghasemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0434-6992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehnoosh","family":"Samadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"},{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1757975920945241"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.3167"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1747-0080.12383"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19082\/5024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.05.009"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","article-title":"Dietary Advice With or Without Oral Nutritional Supplements for Disease\u2010Related Malnutrition in Adults","volume":"12","author":"Baldwin C.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-022-01201-0"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"Application of the PRECEDE\u2010PROCEED Planning Model in Designing an Oral Health Strategy","volume":"1","author":"Binkley C. 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